BB LEC --- DONOR SELECTION

• TRANSFUSION MEDICINE

  Practice of blood transfusion and conservation, complementary activities ensure the best balance between safety of recipient and donor and convenience during emergency care or surgery
• INTERNATIONAL GOVERNING AGENCIES

  • U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
  • Association For The Advancement Of Blood And Biotherapies (AABB)
  • College of American Pathologists (CAP)
• PHILIPPINES GOVERNING AGENCIES

  • Philippine Blood Coordinating Council (PBCC)
  • Department of Health - National Voluntary Blood Services Program (NVBSP)
  • Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC)
• The AABB is an international association of blood centers, transfusion and transplantation services, and individuals involved in transfusion medicine, with the main mission to establish the highest standard of care and provides technical manuals to standardize procedures
• The CAP provides a voluntary inspection and accreditation program for its member institutions, and since most transfusion services are part of the clinical laboratory departments in a hospital, they are included in a CAP inspection
• The PBCC educates the public and private sectors on voluntary blood donations, and provides trainings to medical technologists
• The Department of Health - National Voluntary Blood Services Program (NVBSP) standardizes the management system of blood service programs and promotes fully voluntary blood donations to strengthen a nationally coordinated network for blood services facility
• The Philippine National Red Cross (PNRC) forms networks of connection between donors and services
• LAWS IN THE PHILIPPINES

  • Department Order #339-K S. 1988 - Creation of the Committee on the National Blood Service Program
  • DOH A.O. 188-A S.1992 - Promulgation the National Blood Service Program
  • R.A. 7719 - National Blood Services Act of 1994 - Promote voluntary blood donation, provision of blood service is a professional medical service and not a sale of commodity
• 5 PROCESSES OF DONOR SELECTION

  • Recruitment
  • Registration
  • Limited Physical Examination
  • Actual Whole Blood Collection
  • Post-Donation Care
• Recruitment


  Public education why we need to donate blood
• Issues in Recruitment

  • Regular vs. First-time donors
  • Donor motivation
• Information collected in Registration

  • Donor's name
  • Donor's address, phone no.
  • Sex
  • Age
  • Race
  • Date of last donation
• Date of LAST Donation: Deferral period

  3 months

  HARMENING: 2-3 months / 8 weeks
• Types of Donor

  • Allogeneic
  • Directed
  • Autologous
  • Apheresis
• Allogeneic


  Donation for general population
• Directed


  "Tagged amounts" reserved blood for certain individual
• Autologous


  Self-donation, safest blood donation
• Apheresis


  Separation of blood components, target blood is collected, rest is transfused
• Deferral period for Apheresis

  • If 2 units of hemapheresis, deferral period is 16 weeks
  • Infrequent apheresis: only 4 weeks (1 month)
  • Plateletpheresis, plasmapheresis, leukapheresis: only 2 days deferral
• FDA limits plateletpheresis for up to 24 times per year
• Accepted during Limited Physical Examination

  • Get right amount of sleep
  • NOT fast
  • NOT eat too much (chylous)
  • No alcohol and cigarette
  • No sickness
• Deferred during Limited Physical Examination

  • Pale
  • Cyanotic (bluish)
  • Yellowish skin
  • Alcohol intoxicated
• In the Philippines, multiple puncture marks (antecubital area) is a permanent deferral, suspected for drug use
• In Harmening, multiple puncture marks (antecubital area) is an indefinite deferral
• After birth, the waiting period for female donors is 6 weeks
• 1st / 2nd term abortion / miscarriage has no deferral
• Allowable amount of blood(formula)

  Avoid hemodilution;

  If donor weighs < 110 lbs/50kg

  • (donor weight (lbs) / 110 lbs) x 450 mL
• If the donor's temperature is high due to heat from outside, let the donor rest for at least 5 - 15 mins, then check temp. not more than 37.5 C / 99.5 F
• Blood Pressure Requirements

  • Systole: 90 - 160 mmHg
  • Diastole: 60 - 100 mmHg
• DOH A.O. 188-A S. 1992

  PROMULGATION OF THE NATIONAL BLOOD SERVICE PROGRAM
• DEPARTMENT ORDER #339-K S. 1988


  CREATION OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE NATIONAL BLOOD SERVICE PROGRAM
• Formula for ANTICOAGULANT NEEDED

  Allowable Amount of Blood / 100
• Formula for ANTICOAGULANT TO REMOVE

  63 mL - ANTICOAGULANT NEEDED
• PULSE RATE: 60-100 BPM
• Fast pulse rate means TACHYCARDIA
• ATHLETES have normal LOW pulse rate (50 BPM)
• MOST COMMON CAUSE OF DEFERRAL

  LOW HEMOGLOBIN COUNT
• OLD GRAVIMETRIC METHOD FOR HB

  COPPER SULFATE METHOD

  • specific gravity of blood is compared with CuSO4
  • 12 g/dL = 1.053/1.054 SG
  • FLOAT: Defer
  • SINK: Accept
• MINIMUM HB AND HCT REQS

  A)

  B)

  C)

  D)

  E)

  F)

  G)

  H)