An individual or business that purchases another company's goods or services
Classification of customers
External customers
Internal customers
External customers
Dissociated from business operations and are often the parties interested in purchasing the final goods and services produced by a company
Internal customers
Individuals or businesses integrated into business operations
Consumerbehavior
The study of the processes involved when consumers acquire, consume and dispose of goods, services, activities, ideas in order to satisfy their needs and desires
FIRM'S MARKETING EFFORTS (External Influences)
•product
•promotion
•price
•place
THE CONSUMER'S CULTURE (External Influences)
•Religion
•Ethnicity
•Reference.groups
•Social Class
Psychological Process (Internal Processes)
•Motivation
•Perception
•Attitudes
•Knowledge
Decision Making (Internal Processes)
•Problem Recognition
•Information Search
•Judgement
•Decision Making
Post-decision processes
•Purchase
•Post-pirchase behavior
Heredity (Individual Behavior)
It provides some genetic explanation of individual differences
Abilities and Skills (Individual Behavior)
•They can either be innate or learned.
•It is important for management to match skills and abilities with job specifications and requirements
Perception (Individual Behavior)
It is a cognitive process which involves receiving a particular stimulus, organizing the stimulus in the brain, and translating and interpreting the stimulus that will influence behavior.
Attribution (Individual Behavior)
It is the course of observing behavior followed by determining it's cause based on individual's personality or situation.
Attitude (Individual Behavior)
It is the abstract learnt reaction or say response of a person's entire cognitive process over a time span.
Personality (Individual Behavior)
It is an individual's consistent patterns of feeling, thinking, and behaving.
10 effective ways to truly understand your customers
Ask for a customer review - every time
Walk on your customer's shoes
Utilize social listening across your social platforms
Generate important customer insight with surveys
Use online quizzes to generate customer understanding
Sentiment analysis is great feedback tool
Check out your competition
Check all your assumptions with A/B testing
Start a real conversation with genuine follow-ups
Don't run away from any complaints
LOGISTICSMANAGEMENT
• Process of efficiently planning, organizing, and executing an operation; the flow of goods, services, and information from the point of origin to its destination.
LOGISTICSMANAGEMENT
• gives businesses a competitive edge: it makes it possible to lower costs (which has a direct impact on sales prices) and shorten the time spent on order fulfillment.
COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
• is a condition or circumstance that puts a company in a favorable or superior business position.
The source of competitiveadvantage is found firstly in the ability of the organization to differentiate itself, in the eyes of the customer, from its competition and secondly by operation at a lower cost and hence at greater profit.
LOGISTICS AS A COMPETITIVEADVANTAGE
• Efficient Supply Chain Management
• Cost Efficiency
• Faster Delivery Time
• Enhance Customer Satisfaction
• Flexibility and Adaptability
• Innovative Technologies
• Global Reach