ucsp 2.0

• Social Aggregates


  A simple collection of people who happened to be together in a particular place but not significantly interact or recognize with one another
• Social Categories


  People who share a common characteristic (such as gender or occupation) but do not necessarily interact or identify with one another
• Group


  A collection of individuals who have regular contact and frequent interaction, mutual influence, and common feeling of belongingness, and who work together to achieve a common set of goals
• Social Groups


  Can be defined as a collection of people who regularly interact with one another on the basis of shared expectations concerning behavior and who share a sense of common identity
• Primary Group


  • A typically small social group whose members share close, personal and enduring relationships
  • Are marked by the members concern for one another and shared activities and culture
  • It includes intimate relationships and are usually long-lasting
• Secondary Group


  • Can be small or large group
  • They are impersonal and usually short-term
  • Although the members have some similar interest, the purpose of the group is about the task instead of the relationship
• Types of Secondary Groups

  • Peer
  • Clique
  • Club
  • Cabal
  • Household
  • Community
  • Gang
  • Mob
  • Squad
  • Dyad
  • Triad
  • Team
• Peer Group


  • A group with members of approximately the same age, social status and interest
  • People are relatively equal in terms of power when they interact with peers
• Clique


  • A group of people that have many of the same interest and commonly found in high school or college setting
  • Most of the time they have a name and rules for themselves
• Club


  A group which usually requires one to apply to become a member
• Cabal


  A group of people united in some close design together, usually to promote their private views or interest in a church, state or other community, often by intrigue
• Household


  All individuals who live in the same home
• Community


  • A social unit (a group of living things) with commonality such as norms, religion, values, customs, or identity
  • Communities may share a sense of place situated in a given geographical area (e.g. a country, village, town, or neighborhood) or in virtual space through communication platforms
• Gang


  • Usually an urban group that gathers in a particular area
  • A group of people that often hang around each other
• Mob


  • A group of people that has taken the law into their own hands
  • They gather for a particular reason
• Squad


  This is usually a small group of around 3 to 15 people who work as a team to accomplish their goals
• Dyad


  • A social group with 2 members
  • Social interaction in dyad is more intense than larger groups because neither member shares the others attention with anyone else
• Triad


  • A social group with 3 members, which contains three relationships, each uniting two of the three people
  • It is more stable than a dyad because one member can act as a mediator
• Team


  • Similar to squad though a team may contain many more members
  • A team works in a similar way to a squad
• Reference Group


  • The group to which we compare ourselves
  • Used in order to guide our behavior and attitudes and help us to identify social norms
• In-Group


  • A social group to which an individual feels he or she belongs
  • One feels loyalty and respect for these groups
• Out-Group


  • A social group that an individual does not identify with
  • One feels antagonism and contempt for these groups
• Kinship


  A social institution that refers to relations formed between members of society
• Forms of socially accepted relations among people

  • Blood or consanguineal relationships
  • Marriage or affinal relationships
  • Adoption
  • Other culturally accepted rituals
• Consanguineal Kinship


  • The relationship is achieved by birth or blood affinity
  • The relationship existing between: Parents and their Children, Siblings, Nieces and Nephews, Aunt and Uncle
• Kinship by Blood


  • A biological relationship
  • An individual's child or offspring
  • His or her parents and ancestry
• Descent


  The line where one's descent is traced
• Unilineal Descent


  • Both males and females are members of a unilineal family but their descent lines are recognized only through relatives of either the male or female member
• Patrilineal Descent


  • Both males and females belong to the kin group of their father but they do not belong to their mother's kin group
  • Only the males pass on to their children their family identity
• Matrilineal Descent


  • Focuses on the unilineal descent that is traced through the female line
  • Both male and female offspring are considered members of the mother's matrilineal descent group but only the daughters can pass on the family line to their offspring
• Bilateral Descent


  • Kinship is traced through both ancestral lines of the mother and father
• Affinal Kinship


  Refers to the type of relations developed when a marriage occurs
• Marriage


  • An important social institution wherein two persons, a man and a woman, enter into family life
  • During this process, the partners make a public, official and permanent declaration of their union as lifetime couples
• Endogamy


  • Compulsory marriage in their own village, community, ethnic, social or religious group
• Exogamy


  • Refers to a marriage custom where an individual is required by society's norms and rules to marry outside of their own group, community or social classes
• Monogamy


  • Came from the Greek words "monos" and "gamos" which literally means ONE UNION
  • Refers to the marriage where an individual has only one male or female partner
• Polygyny


  • A man has multiple female partners
• Polyandry


  • A woman has multiple male partners
• Polygamy


  Refers to the practice of having more than one partner
• Patrilocal Rule of Residence


  • Occurs when married couples stay in the house of the husband's relatives or near the husbands kin