chap 2 - kinetic particle theory

• kinetic particle theory states that: all matter is made up of many small atoms that are in constant random motion.
• forces of attraction between solid particles = strong
• forces of attraction between liquid particles = strong
• forces of attraction between gas particles= weak
• distance between solid particles = close
• distance between liquid particles = close
• distance between gas particles = very far apart
• arrangement of solid particles = very closely packed in an orderly manner
• arrangement of liquid particles = closely packed in a disorderly manner
• arrangement of gas particles = very far apart and randomly arranged
• movement of solid particles = vibrating at a fixed position
• movement of liquid particles = sliding past one another
• movement of gas particles = moving randomly at high speed
• • liquid to solid

  the particles lost heat <state the energy changed> and changed from closely packed in a disorderly order <arrangement> and sliding past one another <movement> to very closely packed in an orderly manner <arrangement> and vibration in a fixed position <movement>
• when temperature is constant, energy is absorbed to overcome intermolecular forces of attraction