Facility Layout and Design

• It refers to the specific arrangement of the physical facilities. What is it?

  Facility Layout
• Facility Layout is necessary whenever:

  1. A new facility is constructed
  2. There is a significant change in demand or through put volumes
  3. A new good or service is instructed to the customer benefit package
  4. Different processes, equipment, and/or technology are installed
• What do you call to an arrangement that is based on the sequenced of operations that is performed during the manufacturing of a good and delivery of service


  Product Layout
• Advantages of Product Layout

  1. Higher output rates
  2. Lower WIP inventories
  3. Less material handling
  4. Higher labor and equipment utilization, and simple planning and control system
• Disadvantage

  1. A breakdown in one equipment can cause the entire process to shutdown
  2. A change in product design may require major changes in the layout
  3. Flexibility can be limited
  4. Require more costly specialized equipment
  5. Provide little job satisfaction. Can be avoided by cross - training and frequent rotating jobs responsibilities
• What do you call to the layout that consists of functional grouping of equipment or activities that do similar work?


  Process layout
• Advantages of Process Layout

  1. Task can be moved in different sequences among departments
  2. provide more flexibility and generally require a lower investment in equipment compared to product layout
  3. The diversity of job inherent in a process layout can lead to increased worker satisfaction
• Limitation of Process Layout

  1. Low equipment utilization
  2. High materials handling cost
  3. More complicated planning and control system
• What layout design is not according to the functional characteristics of equipment, but rather based on self - contained groups of equipment called cells needed for producing a particular set of goods or service?


  Cellular layout
• Characteristics of Cellular Layout

  1. U - shaped arrangement of machines and the cells look similar to product layout but operates differently
  2. Materials move clockwise or counterclockwise within the cell from one operation to the next
  3. The cells is designed to operate with one, two or three employees depending on the needed output during the day
• What do you call to layout that consolidates the resources necessary to manufacture a good or deliver a service, such as people, materials, equipment, in one physical location?


  Fixed Position Layout
• Characteristic of fixed position layout

  1. used for production large items
  2. used in projects such as highways, express way
  3. requires high level of planning and control compared with the other types of layouts
• Facility layout in service organization uses product, process, cellular and fixed position layouts to organize different types of work
• Comparison of basic layout patterns