It refers to the specific arrangement of the physical facilities. What is it?
Facility Layout
Facility Layout is necessary whenever:
A new facilityis constructed
There is a significant change in demand or through put volumes
A new good or service is instructed to the customer benefit package
Different processes, equipment, and/or technology are installed
What do you call to an arrangement that is based on the sequenced of operations that is performed during the manufacturing of a good and delivery of service
Product Layout
Advantages of Product Layout
Higher output rates
Lower WIP inventories
Less material handling
Higher labor and equipment utilization, and simple planning and control system
Disadvantage
A breakdown in one equipment can cause the entire process to shutdown
A change in product design may require major changes in the layout
Flexibility can be limited
Require more costly specialized equipment
Provide little job satisfaction. Can be avoided by cross - training and frequent rotating jobs responsibilities
What do you call to the layout that consists of functionalgrouping of equipment or activities that do similar work?
Process layout
Advantages of Process Layout
Task can be moved in different sequences among departments
provide more flexibility and generally require a lower investment in equipment compared to product layout
The diversity of job inherent in a process layout can lead to increased worker satisfaction
Limitation of Process Layout
Low equipment utilization
High materials handling cost
More complicated planning and control system
What layout design is not according to the functional characteristics of equipment, but rather based on self - contained groups of equipment called cells needed for producing a particular set of goods or service?
Cellular layout
Characteristics of Cellular Layout
U - shaped arrangement of machines and the cells look similar to product layout but operates differently
Materials move clockwise or counterclockwise within the cell from one operation to the next
The cells is designed to operate with one, two or three employees depending on the needed output during the day
What do you call to layout that consolidates the resources necessary to manufacture a good or deliver a service, such as people, materials, equipment, in one physical location?
Fixed Position Layout
Characteristic of fixed position layout
used for production large items
used in projects such as highways, express way
requires high level of planning and control compared with the other types of layouts
Facility layout in service organization uses product, process, cellular and fixed position layouts to organize different types of work