Biology unit 1 part 1

• Cell membrane


  Partially permeable. Controls what enters and exits the cell.

  
• Cell wall


  Strong, gives plant cell support and strength. Fully permeable and made of cellulose.

  
• Cytoplasm


  Jelly-like substance which makes up most of the cell's volume. Most of the chemical reactions in the cell take place here.

  
• Nucleus


  This is the largest organelle. It contains DNA and controls all activity in the cell.

  
• Chloroplast


  This is a green organelle which contains chlorophyll, allowing it to absorb light energy. Photosynthesis occurs here.

  
• Vacuole


  This organelle contains cell sap. The cell sap contains sugars, minerals and lots of water.

  
• Chlorophyll


  This is the green pigment which is found inside chloroplasts.

  
• Mitochondria


  This is the site of respiration in cells where glucose is broken down to release energy.

  
• A

  Which part is the nucleus?

  
• B

  Which part is the cell membrane?

  
• C

  Which part is the mitochondria?

  
• D


  Which part is the cytoplasm?

  
• F


  Which part is the chloroplast?

  
• Specimen


  The object you are looking at under the microscope

  
• Magnification


  An increase in the apparent size of an object

  
• Resolution


  The ability to clearly distinguish the individual parts of an object

  
• Objective Lenses


  Different sized lenses that magnify the specimen

  
• Stage


  Where the slide is placed

  
• Fine focusing dial


  A dial used to change the position of the stage by a small amount

  
• Coarse focusing dial


  A dial used to change the position of the stage by a large amount

  
• Micrometer


  The unit used to measure cells. It's 1/1000 of a mm

  
• Differentiation


  Process in which cells become specialised in structure and function

  
• Specialisation


  A cell which has a slightly different structure, to help it perform its job better

  
• Root Hair Cell


  Cell found on plant roots that has a large surface area to absorb water quickly from the soil.

  
• Ciliated Cell


  A cell with small, hair-like structures that can move other substances through tracts in our body

  
• Nerve Cell


  An elongated cell that carries messages around the body

  
• Sperm Cell


  A sex cell that is able to swim, to deliver genetic information to the egg cell.

  
• Palisade Cell


  A column-shaped cell full of chloroplasts. it is found near the upper surface of a plant leaf.