OOP Midterms

• Strings are arrays of bytes representing Unicode characters.
• Strings are immutable (cannot be changes one it has been assigned).
• Strings are created by enclosing characters inside a single or double quote.
• Indexing allows access to individual characters.
• Slicing allows access to a range of characters.
• Elements of string can be accessed using square brackets.
• String length or len() is used to determine the length of a string.
• String concatenation is a string operation that joins two or more strings together.
• You can check if a string contains a specific substring using "in".
• A method is defined with respect to a particular object.

  Syntax: object.method(argument)
• capitalize() method capitalizes the first letter of a string.
• upper() method capitalizes all the characters.
• lower() method returns all strings in lower case.
• lstrip() removes left padded spaces in string.
• rstrip() removes right padded spaces in string.
• strip() removes any whitespaces in string
• title() converts given string into title case.
• swapcase() is toggle the case (from upper to lower and lower to upper)
• ljust() is used to add spaces to the left of a string
• rjust() is used to add spaces to the right of a string
• center(width,fillchair) returns centered in a string of length width.
• The default filler of center() method is space.
• zfill() is used to fill the zero to a given string.
• find() is used to find a particular character/ string in a given string.
• count() is used to count the number of times a character/string appears in a given string.
• startswith() is used to check if a string starts with a particular character.
• endswith() is used to check if a string ends with a particular character.
• isdigit() is used to check if the string is a digit.
• isnumeric() is used to check if the string is a digit(number)
• islower() is used to check if all the characters in a string is in lower case
• isupper() is used to check if string contains all upper case
• isspace() is used to check if a string contains a space ONLY
• str() is used to convert non-string data intro string data
• max() is used to get a max alphabet of string.
• max("Airam") = r
• min() is used to get the min alphabet of string.
• min("Airam") = a
• Triple quotes are used to represent multiline strings and docstrings.
• split() is used to split strings into multiple strings according to the delimeter.
• index() same as find() but raises an exception if string is not found