EDUC 65

• The interest to educate Filipino children with disabilities was expressed through Mr. Fred Atkinson, the General Superintendent of Education in 1902
• Special Education was formally started in the country by establishing the Insular School for the Deaf and Blind in Manila


  1907
• The government established the Welfareville Children's Village, a school for people with mental retardation in Mandaluyong


  1927
• The National Orthopedic Hospital School for the Crippled Children and Youth is established

  1945
• Quezon City Science High School was inaugurated for gifted students


  1949
• PAD opened a school for the children with hearing impairment

  1950
• The Elsie Gaches Village was established in Alabang to take care of the abandoned and orphaned children and youth with physical and mental handicaps


  1953
• Special classes for the deaf in regular class were implemented


  1956
• The Bureau of Public Schools of the Department of Education and Culture created the Special Education Section of the Special Subjects and Service Education


  1957
• Some private college and universities started to offer special education courses on graduate school curriculum


  1960
• With the approval of R.A. No. 3562, the training of DEC teacher scholars for blind children started at the Philippine Normal University


  1963
• Marked the start of training programs for school administrators on the supervision of special classes held at UP

  1965
• Classes for socially maladjusted children were organized at the manila Youth Reception Center


  1969
• Training of teacher for Children with behavior problems started at the University of the Philippines

  1970
• The juvenile and domestic Relations Court of Manila established the Tahanan Special School for the socially maladjusted children and youth


  1973
• The Division of Manila City Schools implemented the Silahis Concept of Special Education in public elementary schools


  1975
• The Bureau of Elementary Education Special Education unit conducted a two-year nationwide survey if unidentified exceptional children who were in school


  1979
• The School for the Crippled Children at the Southern Island Hospital in Cebu City was organized

  1980
• The Philippine institute for the Deaf, an oral school for children with hearing impairment was established

  1990
• The summer training for teacher of the visually impaired started at the Philippine Normal University


  1992
• DECS issued Order No. 14 that directed regional officers to organize the Regional Special Education Council (RESC)


  1993
• The summer training for teachers of the hearing impaired was held at Philippine Normal University


  1995
• DECS order No. 5 "Reclassification of Regular teacher and principal items to SPED teacher and special schools principal item"


  1998
• DECS order no. 33 "Implementation of administrative order no. 101 directing the Department of Public Works and highways, the DECS and the CHED to provide architectural facilities or structural feature for disabled persons in all state college, universities and other buildings

  1999
• DECS Order No. 11, s. 2000 - Recognized Special Education (SPED) Centers in the Philippines

  2000
• An ongoing mobile teacher–training program by the Department of Education and the University of the Philippines trains regular and special education teachers on how to educate children with special needs

  2002
• Special Education Act of 2007 identifies ten groups of Children with Special Needs


  2007
• DepEd under its wing had 217 SPED Centers that cater to the needs of children with special abilities. The department issued Braille textbooks to help especially visually impaired children


  2009
• Special Education Act of 2010, An act establishing at least one Special Education center for each school division and at least three Special Education centers in big school divisions for children with special needs, guidelines for government financial assistance and other incentives and support

  2010
• DepEd has increased the funding for its Special Education program and is set to open new centers

  2012
• DepEd organized a National Conference for SPED Teachers to sharpen their skills

  2013
• Special Education (SPED)


  The practice of educating students with special needs in a way that addresses their individual differences and needs in order to be useful in the society
• Special Education (SPED)


  Designed to facilitate the learning of individuals who, for a wide variety of reasons, require additional support and adaptive pedagogical methods in order to participate and meet learning objectives in an educational programme
• Special Education (SPED)


  Serves children with emotional, behavioral, or cognitive impairments or with intellectual, hearing, vision, speech, or learning disabilities
• Inclusive Education


  All students attend and are welcomed by their neighbourhood schools in age-appropriate, regular classes and are supported to
• Inclusive Education


  A process of addressing and responding to the diversity of needs of all learners through increasing participation in learning, cultures and communities, and reducing exclusion from education and from within education
• Goals of Special Education


  • To help the exceptional children to learn and acquire necessary skills for their self-help, independent living and leading future life as properly as possible
  • To help them to acquire necessary social skills, emotional literacy to live and participate in school, home and community life as properly as possible
  • The framework regards academic goals as the means for achieving other outcomes, namely the four outcomes that the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) declared: equality of opportunity, full participation, independent living, and economic self-sufficiency
  • The ultimate goal of special education shall be the integration or mainstreaming of learners with special needs into the regular school system and eventually in the community
  • Special education shall aim to develop the maximum potential of the child with special needs to enable him to become self-reliant and shall be geared towards providing him with the opportunities for a full and happy life
  • The specific objectives of special education shall be the development and maximization of learning competencies, as well as the inculcation of values to make the learners with special needs a useful and effective member of society
• Goals of Inclusive Education

  • The goal of an inclusive education system is to provide all students with the most appropriate learning environments and opportunities for them to best achieve their potential
  • All children can learn and reach their full potential given opportunity, effective teaching and appropriate resources
  • Programs will be offered to best meet the individual needs of each child and student within the school community
  • A student's program must address the intellectual, learning, communication, social, emotional and physical aspects of a child's development
  • Parents play a key role in the education of their child in that they are the most complete information source and have the greatest investment in their child's future
  • All students will have equitable opportunity to be included in the typical learning environment
  • All students shall be given the opportunity to participate in all aspects of school life, subject to limitations based on reasonableness in each circumstance
  • Whenever possible, the student should be a partner in his/her educational program
  • Student program needs are best met by a team approach. For children and students to receive the services they need, school personnel will work together with service providers in the community
  • There must be a balance between individual and group rights within the classroom setting. In every case, the best educational interest of students is the paramount consideration for decision-making and programming
  • Awareness and support by the school community is essential to successful inclusion
  • Diversity must be valued in order for inclusion to be successful
• Scope of Special Education

  To teach each child up to the level of the child's abilities. In some cases this means teaching the same material as is taught in regular classrooms
• Scope of Inclusive Education


  It seeks to identify and dismantle barriers to education for all children so that they have access to, are present and participate in and achieve optimal academic and social outcomes from school