electricity

• light dependant resistor, as light levels increase, resistance decreases.

  
• Thermistor: temperature dependant resistor, as temeperatures increase, resistance decreases

  
• capacitor: this is used to "store" charge, it is often used for timing circuits

  
• diode: only allows current to flow in one way, this is always the opposite direction the triangle is pointing in.

  
• A fuse is a safety device, it contains a piece of wire which melts when the current reaches a certain level

  
• converts light energy in to electrical energy, often used in solar panels

  
• converts electrical energy into sound energy

  
• converts sound energy into electrical energy, often converted back into sound energy through loudspeaker

  
• converts electrical energy into (rotational) kinetic energy

  
• Light emmiting diode: converts electrical energy into light energy without producing heat.

  
• an LED will need to have a resistor connected to a series circuit to prevent it from being damaged to too large of a current
• appliances can have a fuse of 3A (under 720w) or 13A (over 720w)
• what component is this

  A) microphone

  
• what component is this

  A) loudspeaker

  
• what component is this

  A) Photovoltaic cell

  
• what component is this

  A) diode

  
• what component is this

  A) capacitor

  
• what component is this

  A) thermistor

  
• what component is this

  A) light dependant resistor

  
• what component is this

  A) light emitting diode

  
• A transistor is an electronic switch. There are two types of transistor you need to know about, the npn transistor and the MOSFET.
• What transistor is this

  A) npn

  
• What transistor is this

  A) MOSFET

  
• The transistors "switch on", meaning they will conduct, when V2 exceeds a switch on voltage:

  • npn transistor conducts at 0.7 V and above
  • MOSFET conducts at 2.4 V and above