inheritance

• Passing on traits from parent to offspring is a random process, each person has 2 copies of a gene in their DNA and these are passed on to offspring. 

  The genes that an organism contains are called their genotype. They way they present in the organism is called the phenotype. This happens because there are different versions of genes called dominant and recessive alleles. 
• When organisms reproduce using gametes, they fuse their nuclei in a process called fertilisation. Genetic information is passed on from both parents to the offspring. This means that the offspring will have some genes from each parent. During this process, kutations can occur which are random changes in the dna sequence which can produce new characteristics.