african americans

• june 1941, FDR signed executive order 8802 forming the fair employment practice committee, making it illegal to discriminate on race
• executive order 8802 lead to lots of african americans migrating north to work in war production
• higher wages than south but lower than white. increased tensions
• prejudice - in Detroit race riot killed 25 African Americans and 9 White Americans in 1943
• war highlighted the hypocrisy of USA - fighting racism in Europe
• 'double victory' campaign for democracy in Europe and USA
• CORE founded in 1942, influenced by Ghandi, non violent
• CORE, sitins to desegregate Chicago restaurants in 1943
• black men volunteered to fight in the war at a much higher rate than white men who were inscripted
• illegal to discriminate in army recruitment in 1940
• leisure facilities in 1943 desegregated - only for practical reasons ( no time or money, war is more important than racist morals)
• transport buses de segregated in 1944
• Truman ended segregation in army, July 1948, executive order 9981
• black panther tank battalion ( black battalions always given the most dangerous missions and greatly underfunded as the white battalions travelled to India to learn martial arts while black battalions got boxing bags yet they had a higher success and kill rate of any battalion)
• 8x more likely to be lynched than a non awarded white man
• threatened by black excellence