Week 8

• After visiting the United States, Rizal lived in London from May 1888 to March 1889.
• Rizal arrived at Liverpool, England from a tiring trip across the Atlantic Ocean


  May 24, 1888
• The Beckett family had three daughters
• the eldest was Gertrude or Gettie who had an affection for Rizal
• Persecution of Filipino farmers who signed the Anti-Friar Petition of 1888 led by Doroteo Cortez
• Manuel Hidalgo (Saturnina’s husband) was exiled to Bohol
• Laureano Viado, a UST medical student and friend of Rizal was jailed for having a copy of the Noli
• Rev. Vicente Garcia, an authority of Theology from the Manila Cathedral came to the defense of the Noli Me Tangere against the attacks of the friars
• He copied and annotated the 1609 edition of Antonio de Morga’s “Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas."
• A 17th century Spanish official and historian in the Philippines

  Antonio De Morga
• Chronicler of Ferdinand Magellan’s Expedition

  Antonio Pigafetta
• Served during Governor Miguel Lopez de Legaspi’s Administration

  Gaspar de San Agustin
• Wrote a pamphlet entitled "La Visiondel Fray Rodriguez," using the penname "Dimasalang"
• Also wrote "To the Women of Malolos" in which he encouraged the women to pursue their education and not merely blind followers of the friars.
• He contributed articles to the Trubners Record, related to Asian Studies such as the “Two Eastern Fables,” and “Specimens of Tagala Folklore."
• Rizal organized a social group with his fellow Filipinos in Paris by the end of March 1889, he called it the Kidlat Club
• It was a temporary society to simply unite the Filipinos here in Paris during the International Exposition

  Kidlat Club
• On January 28, he went to Brussels, Belgium on the reason that he can’t stay in Paris any longer for it was too expensive.
• While in Brussels, Rizal spent most of his time trying to finish El Filibusterismo, the sequel of Noli Me Tangere
• He gave Valentin Ventura a sculpture “The triumph of Science over Death” (The naked woman)
• While the El Fili is a call for a revolution, the last resort and ultimate solution against Spanish oppression
• Noli Me Tangere, exposed the cancer present in the society by presenting the condition of the country under the Spanish oppressive rule.
• A fortnightly newspaper that serves as the official voice of the Propagandists, founded by Graciano Lopez Jaena
• Realizing that the Indians are proud and brave, Rizal and Luna decided to rename the Kidlat Club and adapt the name “Indios Bravos” as Filipinos was also referred as “Indios” by the Spaniards
• Editor-in-Chief of La Solidaridad

  1. Garciano Lopez Jaena
  2. Marcelo H. Del Pilar (succeeded Jaena)
  3. Dr. Jose Rizal
• Contributors of La Solidaridad

  • Mariano Ponce
  • Eduardo De Lete
  • Jose Maria Panganiban