Treatment

• What are grommets?

  Small tubes placed in ear during tympanoplasty

  Drains fluid away & keeps tympanic membrane open

  Should naturally fall out within 6-12 months
• What is tympanoplasty?

  Surgical reconstruction of tympanic membrane
• What can be done during a tympanoplasty?

  Repair any structural defects

  Remove infected tissues

  Insert grommets
• What is the treatment of otitis media?

  NSAIDs (short-term)

  Possible antibiotics -> only if systemic symptoms or after 72 hours
• What is the treatment of OME?

  Antibiotic-glucocorticoid ear drops (topical)

  Insertion of grommets into TM -> ventilates middle ear
• What is an abscess drain?

  Drainage catheter places into abscess cavity, anchored in place & connected to drainage bag

  Drain left in place until the infection has cleared
• What are the risks of an abscess drain?

  Possible spread of infection

  Bleeding

  Fistula formation
• What are the benefits of hearing aids?

  Help you hear everyday sounds

  Improve ability to hear speech

  Improve confidence when talking to people & make it easier to follow conversations

  Help to enjoy music & TV at a volume that is comfortable for those around you
• What are the different types of hearing aid?

  Behind the ear (BTE)

  Receiver in the ear (RITE)

  In the ear (ITE)

  In the canal (ITC)

  Completely in the canal (CIC)

  Invisible in the canal (IIC)

  CROS & BiCROS

  Body worn
• What is a BTE hearing aid?

  Most common

  Small plastic device that sits behind ear

  Suitable for most people with hearing loss

  
• What is a RITE hearing aid?

  Similar to BTE

  Part of hearing aid that sits behind ear is smaller

  
• What is an ITE hearing aid?

  Fill area just outside the opening of ear

  
• What is an ITC hearing aid?

  Similar to ITE

  Less visible than many other hearing aid types

  Not usually powerful enough for people with severe hearing loss

  
• What is a CIC hearing aid?

  One of smallest types

  Barely visible

  Not usually powerful enough for people with severe hearing loss

  
• What is a IIC hearing aid?

  One of smallest types

  Barely visible

  Not usually powerful enough for people with severe hearing loss

  
• What are CROS & BiCROS hearing aids?

  Can help if you've lost hearing in 1 ear

  Hearing aid in the ear with hearing loss -> picks up sound & sends to hearing aid in good ear
• What is a body worn hearing aid?

  Small box connected to earphones

  Can be clipped to your clothes or put inside a pocket

  May be best if you have severe hearing loss & need a powerful hearing aid

  
• What is the management of cholesteatoma?

  Semi-urgent referral to ENT specialist...

  • audiology assessment & CT scan
  • aural discharge may be treated with topical antibiotics
  • surgical treatment

  Emergency admission for people with...

  • facial nerve palsy or vertigo
  • other neurological signs associated with intracranial abscess or meningitis
• What is the management of otitis media with effusion?

  Monitoring

  Insertion of grommets (if persistent)
• What is a drain in situ?

  Extracranial abscess drain

  Left for 3-5 days them removed

  -> prevents accumulation of fluid
• What are grommets for?

  Keep pressure in the ears euqal on both side & prevents fluid accumulation in the middle ear
• What are the complications of mastoid tympanoplasty?

  Dizziness

  Dry mouth

  Tinnitus

  Hearing loss

  General anaesthesia problems
• What is the treatment of tegmental thinning?

  Required surgical repair -> usually with tissue or bone graft

  Antibiotics -> if there is underlying infection