strong and weak acids

• Strong acids


  • Completely ionise
  • All acid particles dissociate to release H+ ions
  • Examples: hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric acids
• Weak acids


  • Don't fully ionise
  • Only a small portion of acid particles dissociate to release H+ ions
  • Examples: ethanoic, citric, carbanoic acids
• Higher the concentration of H+ ions


  Lower the pH
• Lower the concentration of H+ ions

  Higher the pH
• Acid strength


  What proportion of the acid molecules ionise in water
• Concentration of acid


  How much acid there is in a certain volume of water
• Dilute acid


  Low concentration of H+ ions but more water
• For every decrease of 1 on the pH scale, the concentration of H+ ions x10