Active transport

• Active transport

  Moves substances from a more dilute solution to a more concentrated solution, against the concentration gradient, requiring energy from respiration
• Diffusion

  Particles move down the concentration gradient, does not require energy from respiration
• Active transport in animals

  • Cells lining the human small intestine transport sugars like glucose from the lumen (lower concentration) into the cell (higher concentration)
• Cells lining the human small intestine

  • Have many mitochondria to provide the energy for active transport
• Active transport in plants

  • Root hair cells transport ions like magnesium from the soil (lower concentration) into the cell (higher concentration)
• Root hair cells

  • Have many mitochondria to provide the energy for active transport
• Plants need magnesium to make chlorophyll in the leaves