Employment tribunals

• What are employment tribunals

  judicial body for reasonability of workplace justice
• Employment tribunals - role - act as:

  an independent, unbiased and impartial tribunal
• Employment tribunals - role - resolve disputes between:

  employees and employers
• Employment tribunals - role - decide based on

  evidence
• Employment tribunals - role - evidence examples

  witness statements from other employees

  emails

  text messages

  recorded calls etc
• Employment tribunals - case types

  unfair dismissal

  discrimination

  unfair pay

  rights

  breach of contract

  redundancy
• unfair dismissal


  due to a protected characteristic
• discrimination


  protected characteristics treated differently
• unfair pay


  gender pay gap etc
• rights to:


  appeal

  data protection (GDPR)

  etc.
• Breach of contract


  contract of employment breached

  either party could breach

  must be signed and including conditions
• redundancy


  could be unfair redundancy and result in a large sum of money for redundant party
• Results - process (1)

  1. settlement encouraged
• Results - if one party disagrees

  2. If one party disagrees, tribunal may decide settlement
• Results - if employee fails

  3. If employee fails, only pay own costs
• Results - If either side disagrees


  4. if either side disagrees, they can ask for a review within 14 days
• Formality


  less formal than court
• legal rep


  not required
• ACAS


  employer advisory service

  free to lower total costs

  may diminish need for tribunals