Coding In Memory AO3

• This research did use artificial material, and was in a lab setting, meaning it is hard to generalise to real-life settings as there a lack of ecological validity - tasks such as exam revision might be more reflective at how people actually use memory in real life
• Baddeley's research did seem to identify clear differences between two memory stores
• This does support the proposals of the Multi-store model of Memory
• CONRAD presented visual strings of letters for 3/4 second, and found that V and B often were confused with P but S wasn't, suggesting the visual had been converted to acoustic for STM memory
• WICKENS found people struggled when given three lists of the same semantic category (e.g. fruit) and asked to recall from one, after time had elapsed, but they found it easier when the semantic category changed (e.g. profession), suggesting LTM is primarily coded semantically