Acids, bases and salts

• Toxic Symbol

  Can kill by poising

  E.g. weed killer and cyanide

  
• Corrosive symbol

  Corrosive

  Burns and destroys living tissues

  E.g. concentrated acid

  
• Explosive symbol

  
  

  Explodes if exposed to flame or heat

  E.g. potassium

  
• What is this symbol?

  Flammable

  Catches fire easily when in contact with air

  E.g. Ethonal

  
• Hazard symbol

  Moderate Hazard

  May be harmful or an irrant

  E.g. dilute sodium hydroxide

  
• A ph value of 7 is?

  Neutral
• A pH value of less than 7 is?

  Acid
• A pH value of more than 7 is?

  Alkali
• What is red on the pH scale?

  Strong acid
• What is orange/yellow on the pH scale?

  weak acid
• What is green on the pH scale?

  Neutral
• what is green/blue on the pH scale

  weak alkali
• What is purple on the pH scale?

  Strong alkali
• On a red or blue litmus indicator what colour is an alkali?

  Blue
• On a red or blue litmus indicator what colour is an acid

  Red
• What is concentration measured in?

  moles(mol/dm3)
• What do acids all contain?

  Hydrogen
• What do alkalis all contain?

  Hydroxide
• Ionic equation for the neutralisation of an acid with an alkali

  H+ + OH- → H2O
• Word equation the neutralisation of acid and alkali

  Acid + Alkali → salt + water
• Word equation for acid and metal

  Acid + Metal → Salt + Hydrogen
• Word equation for Acid + carbonate

  Acid + Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
• Hydrochloric acid as a salt?

  Chloride
• Sulfuric acid as a salt?

  Sulfate
• Nitric acid as a salt?

  Nitrate
• Ethanoic acid as a salt?

  Ethanoate
• Finish: Potassium Hydrogencarbonate + nitric acid →

  Potassium nitrate + water + carbon dioxide
• Finish: Copper(II) carbonate + sulfuric acid →

  Copper(II) sulfate + water + carbon dioxide
• Are alkalis insoluble or soluble?

  Soluble
• Are bases insoluble or soluble?

  Insoluble
• How to test for CO2

  The CO2 produced in these reactions can be tested by bubbling the gases through limewater (calcium hydroxide)If it is present the solution will turn from colourless to milky
• The equation for the test of CO2

  Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g)→ CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)