3.9

• 14th Amendment's Equal Protection Clause


  "No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States…nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of laws
• Protection of civil liberties from the state governments
• Constitutional Right of Privacy


  Not explicitly stated in the Constitution, but through the many rulings & amendments, there is an implication of this right. Implied in the 1st, 4th, 5th, 9th, and 14th.
• Griswold v Connecticut

  1. Clearly establishes the right to privacy

  2. The debate about contraceptives (women's reproductive rights / health)

  3. The government cannot infringe on rights to privacy regarding health
• Unenumerated rights


  Words implicitly stated in the Constitution that can be derived from the enumerated rights
• Enumerated rights


  Words explicitly stated in the Constitution
• Roe v Wade (1972)


  1. Jane Roe couldn't have the right to an abortion in Texas, saying that her rights had been infringed upon

  2. Led to overturning abortion laws in the US

  3. Personal privacy does include the right to an abortion decision

  4. A women's right of abortion is her constitutional right of privacy
• The SCOTUS decision of Dobbs v Jackson Women's Health Organization (2022) overturned the precedent established in Roe v Wade.

  The decision holds that the Constitution does not provide a right to abortion which led to state regulations on abortions