2.3(a)-transport in animals

• heart pumps


  right ventricle pumps to the lungs, left ventricle pumps to the body.
• main vessels


  aorta : carries ox blood to body

  Vena Cava: brings deox blood from body

  pulmonary artery: carries deox blood to lungs

  pulmonary vein: brings ox blood from lungs.
• systole


  contraction of the heart
• types of systole


  atrial systole: atria contracting.

  ventricular systole: ventricle contracting.
• diastole


  the relaxation of the heart
• types of valves


  atrioventricular valves. ensures blood moves to aorta and pulmonary arteries and not atrium when it closes.

  semi-lunar valves: prevent backflow of blood into ventricles
• cardiac output


  heart rate x stroke volume (volume of blood pumped out at each beat)