riph deck

• Treaty of Paris


  Agreement between the US and Spain that ended the Spanish-American War
• The war started because the United States blamed the Spanish military for the explosion of the U.S.S. Maine in Havana, Cuba harbor on February 15, 1898
• The Treaty of Paris gave the US possession of Cuba, Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines for $20 million
• Theodore Roosevelt was the President of America when the Treaty of Paris was signed
• Political caricatures during the American Period


  • Gained full expression in the Philippines
• Political caricatures


  • Is the Police Bribed
  • New Bird of Prey
  • While the Priest Lives Alone in a Big Building
  • Where the Mosquito Is King
  • Liberty, Equality, Fraternity
• Alfred McCoy's research provides a comprehensive background to the political caricatures and the turbulent period
• Jones Law


  A promise that the US will grant independence once the Philippines has its stable government established
• Woodrow Wilson oversaw the passage of the Jones Law
• Warren Harding sent Wood and Forbes to the Philippines to assess the country's readiness for independence, which exposed corruption and patronage in government-owned corporations
• Leonard Wood


  Governor General of the Philippines who implemented reforms and faced opposition from Filipino politicians, appointed an American military cabinet, vetoed bills, and reversed the Filipino Policy
• Wood used public funds to grant additional compensation to public officials in violation of the law
• Mayor Ramon Fernandez, Senator Manuel Quezon, Secretary Jose Laurel, and Speaker Manuel Roxas resigned in protest against Wood's actions
• Ray Conley was accused of receiving money from gambling lords, leading to a controversy involving Governor-General Wood and Filipino officials
• The struggles between Wood and Filipino leaders enhanced the nationalistic spirit of the people
• Corazon Aquino


  First female president of the Philippines, served from 1986 to 1992
• Aquino's speech gave insights into how Filipinos struggled to attain freedom and the resistance from the past that inspired Filipino revolutionaries
• EDSA I revolution


  A powerful way to oust a dictator, giving the concept of political power belonging to the people
• Raiders of Sulu Sea


  • Historical context of piracy and maritime conflicts in the Sulu Sea during the Spanish colonial period
  • Depicts how the Spaniards defended the city of Fort Pilar as Spain's last stronghold
• Groups involved in maritime conflicts in the Sulu Sea


  • Samal or Balangingi
  • Tausug
  • Illanun
• Garay


  An ancient maritime vessel known for its speed and capable of carrying over 100 sailors, formed with bamboo, wood, and nipa palm
• Ancient maritime weapons used by Philippine Muslims


  • Kampilan
  • Kris
  • Barong
  • Kalis
• Story of Bataan and Corregidor


  • Describes the role of Filipino veterans in World War 2, including the Bataan Death March
  • Discusses Gen. Douglas McArthur's War Plan Orange and the defense of Bataan
  • Mentions the Medal of Valor awarded to Jesus Villamor for leading air force troops against the Japanese
• President Quezon declared Manila an Open City during the war against the Japanese to avoid further damage and casualties
• Juan Luna


  • A great Filipino painter and prominent propagandist who pushed for political reforms
  • Painted works like Spoliarium, Parisian Life, and Blood Compact
• Fernando Amorsolo


  • The "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art"
  • Painted works like The Rise of the Philippine Flag, Rice Planting, and Antipolo
• The first mass in the Philippines was celebrated on March 31, 1521 after Magellan and his men arrived on the shores of Homonhon in Samar
• There is controversy over whether the first mass took place in Limasawa, Southern Leyte or Masao in Butuan
• Republic Act No. 2733 declares Limasawa in Leyte as a national shrine to commemorate the First Mass in the Philippines
• After the cross was erected, Magellan and his crew repeated a Pater Noster and an Ave Maria, and the king also adored the cross
• The islands were called the archipelago of San Lazaro, as they were discovered on the Sabbath of St. Lazarus
• GOMBURZA


  Mariano Gomez, Jose Burgos, and Jacinto Zamora, Filipino priests executed by garrote for their alleged involvement in the Cavite Mutiny
• T.H. Pardo De Tavera 


  
  

  gave an account of the 1872 Cavite Mutiny
• El Filibusterismo was dedicated to the three martyr priests executed in Bagumbayan in 1872
• First Cry of the Revolution


  The event on August 23, 1896 in Pugadlawin that signaled the Filipinos' defiance and determination to fight for independence from Spanish oppression
• There are differing accounts from eyewitnesses and historians about the exact date and location of the First Cry of the Revolution
• Pedro Chua 


  • mysterious informant who wrote the Philippine Free Press alleging senior police accepted bribes from Chinese gambling houses in Binondo and Quiapo Districts
  • publisher of the "The Independent", who never missed a chance to attack the Catholic Church
• New Bird of Prey 


  • It is an allusion to the most famous libel case in the history of Philippine Journalism
• While the Priest Lives Alone in a Big Building


  • cartoon that urged government action against large priest residences
• Where the Mosquito Is King


  • public health measures in epidemic diseases
  • The American Board of Health easily controls tropical diseases like malaria, smallpox, cholera, and plague during their occupation here in the Philippines because they already have experience and knowledge in tropical health gained in the Caribbean