I/O psychology intro

• I/O Psychology


  A branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace
• I/O psychologists


  • Are able to apply psychological theories to explain and enhance the effectiveness of human behavior in the workplace
  • Enhance the dignity and performance of human beings, and the organizations they work in, by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior
• Fields of I/O Psychology

  • Personnel Psychology
  • Organizational Psychology
  • Human Factors/Ergonomics
  • Occupational Health and Safety
• Employment Settings of I/O Psychologists

  • Education
  • Private sector
  • Public sector
  • Consulting
  • Other
• Walter Dill Scott publishes The Theory of Advertising


  1903
• Hugo Munsterberg publishes Psychology and Industrial Efficiency


  1913
• Journal of Applied Psychology first published

  1917
• First Ph.D. in I/O Psychology awarded to Bruce Moore and Merrill Ream at Carnegie Tech


  1921
• First I/O text book written by Morris Viteles


  1932
• Hawthorne Studies published


  1933
• American Association for Applied Psychology Established

  1937
• Division 14 History


  • 1937: American Association for Applied Psychology formed
  • 1945: Society for Industrial and Business Psychology established as Division 14 of APA
  • 1951: Marion Bills elected first woman president of Division 14
  • 1960: Renamed "Society for Industrial Psychology"
  • 1964: First edition of The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist published
  • 1982: Renamed "Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology"
  • 1986: SIOP conference held separately from APA
  • 1990: 2,500+ members
  • 2000: 3,600+ members
  • 2010: 8,000+ members
• Why should I care about research?
• Ideas


  • Hypotheses - well thought-out suggestions or ideas
  • Theories - systematic sets of assumptions regarding the nature and cause of particular events
• Where will I find previous research?

  • Written sources: Journals, Trade Magazines, Bridge publications, Magazines, Books
  • Electronic Resources: PsychINFO, Infotrac, Web of science
  • The Internet
• Where will I conduct research?

  • Locations: Laboratory, Field, Office
  • Issues: External validity (generalizability), Control
• Research Methods


  • Experiment
  • Quasi-experiment
  • Case study
  • Survey
  • Interview
  • Natural observation
• Independent Variable


  Experimental group, Control group
• I/O Psychology


  A branch of psychology that applies the principles of psychology to the workplace
• I/O psychologists


  • Are able to apply psychological theories to explain and enhance the effectiveness of human behavior in the workplace
  • Enhance the dignity and performance of human beings, and the organizations they work in, by advancing the science and knowledge of human behavior
• Fields of I/O Psychology

  • Personnel Psychology
  • Organizational Psychology
  • Human Factors/Ergonomics
  • Occupational Health and Safety
• Employment Settings of I/O Psychologists

  • Education
  • Private sector
  • Public sector
  • Consulting
  • Other
• Walter Dill Scott publishes The Theory of Advertising


  1903
• Hugo Munsterberg publishes Psychology and Industrial Efficiency


  1913
• Journal of Applied Psychology first published

  1917
• First Ph.D. in I/O Psychology awarded to Bruce Moore and Merrill Ream at Carnegie Tech


  1921
• First I/O text book written by Morris Viteles


  1932
• Hawthorne Studies published


  1933
• American Association for Applied Psychology Established

  1937
• Division 14 History


  • 1937: American Association for Applied Psychology formed
  • 1945: Society for Industrial and Business Psychology established as Division 14 of APA
  • 1951: Marion Bills elected first woman president of Division 14
  • 1960: Renamed "Society for Industrial Psychology"
  • 1964: First edition of The Industrial-Organizational Psychologist published
  • 1982: Renamed "Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology"
  • 1986: SIOP conference held separately from APA
  • 1990: 2,500+ members
  • 2000: 3,600+ members
  • 2010: 8,000+ members
• Why should I care about research?
• Ideas


  • Hypotheses - well thought-out suggestions or ideas
  • Theories - systematic sets of assumptions regarding the nature and cause of particular events
• Where to find previous research

  • Written sources: Journals, Trade Magazines, Bridge publications, Magazines, Books
  • Electronic Resources: PsychINFO, Infotrac, Web of science
  • The Internet
• Where to conduct research

  • Locations: Laboratory, Field, Office
  • Issues: External validity (generalizability), Control
• Research Methods


  • Experiment, Quasi-experiment, Case study, Survey, Interview, Natural observation
• Independent Variable


  Experimental group, Control group
• Independent and Dependent Variables Example 2


  • Independent variable = Setting of goals (yes or no), Dependent variable = # of upsized orders
• Identifying Independent and Dependent Variables
• Experiment


  • The only research design that can determine cause-and-effect relationships
  • Three characteristics: (1) manipulation of independent variables, (2) random assignment of subjects to experimental and control conditions, (3) Experimenter have full control over other variables that may influence the change in DV
• Quasi-Experiments


  • Used when experiments are not practical or when manipulating a variable may not be ethical
  • A study is a quasi-experiment rather than an experiment when: The independent variable is not manipulated {or} Subjects are not randomly assigned to conditions
  • Can not determine cause-effect relationships