Micro - Manuel Part 1

Cards (394)

  • WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF THE BACTERIAL CELL WALL?(2)
    PROTECTS THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF BACTERIA
    PROVIDES THE SHAPE OF THE BACTERIA
  • EXAMPLES OF COMPONENTS A BACTERIAL CELL WALL THAT MAY BE RESPONSIBLE FOR THE PATHOGENECITY OF SOME BACTERIAL SPP.(2)
    M-PROTEIN
    MYCOLIC ACID
  • WHICH SPP. CAN HAVE THIS COMPONENTS ON THEIR CELL WALL? INDICATE THE ACTION OF EACH
    M-PROTEIN - STREPTOCOCCUS PYOGENES
    PREVENTS BACTERIAL PHAGOCYTOSIS

    MYCOLIC ACID - MYCOBACTERIUM
    PREVENTS INTRACELLULAR DIGESTION
    (SULFONAMIDES IN SOME BOOKS)
  • WHICH SPP. OF BACTERIA LACKS THE CELL WALL STRUCTURE IN THEIR CYTOLOGY?(2)
    MYCOPLASMA SPP.
    UREAPLASMA SPP.
  • BECAUSE OF THE ABSENCE OF ITS CELLS WALLS THE STRUCTURE OF THESE ORGANISMS ARE TERMED AS?
    PLEOMORPHIC - VARIES IN SHAPE
  • WHAT IS THE MAIN CONSTITUENT OF A BACTERIAL CELL WALL?
    PEPTIDOGLYCAN
  • PEPTIDOGLYCAN IS MADE UP OF WHAT COMPOUNDS
    N-ACETYL GLUCOSAMINE

    N-ACETYL MURAMIC ACID
  • WHAT IS THE TEST FOR DIFFERENTIATING BACTERIA BASED ON THE COMPONENTS OF THEIR CELL WALL?
    GRAM STAINING
  • INDICATE THE REAGENTS USED FOR GRAM STAINING AND THEIR PURPOSE(4)
    1. CRYSTAL VIOLET - PRIMARY STAIN

    2. GRAM'S IODINE - MORDANT

    3. 95% ETHYL ALCOHOL/ ACETONE ALCOHOL -DECOLORIZER

    4. SAFRANIN - COUNTERSTAIN
  • INDICATE THE REACTION OF A (1)GRAM POSITIVE
    FROM A (2) GRAM NEGATIVE ORGANISM
    1. VIOLET/PURPLE - GRAM POSITIVE

    2. RED/PINK - GRAM NEGATIVE
  • WHAT ARE THE MOST COMMON METHODS IN FIXATING A SPECIMEN ON A GLASS SLIDE FOR GRAM STAINING? (2)
    - HEAT FIXATION
    - SLIDE WARMER
  • THIS IS THE "MOST CRITICAL" STEP IN GRAM STAINING?
    DECOLORIZING
  • THIS IS A COMPONENT IN THE CELL WALL OF BACTERIA THAT BINDS TO MAGNESIUM
    TECHOIC ACID
  • THE STRUCTURE OF GRAM (-) BACTERIA IS DIFFERENT BECAUSE OF WHAT?
    LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE BILAYER
  • WHAT OTHER NAMES CAN BE ASSOCIATED TO THE LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE BILAYER? (3)

    1. O ANTIGEN
    2. CORE ANTIGEN (CORE)
    3. LIPID A - "ENDOTOXIN"
  • WHAT STRUCTURES ARE PRESENT IN GRAM(+) BACTERIA THAT IS ABSENT IN GRAM(-) BACTERIA?(2)
    GRAM NEGATIVE
    TEICHOIC ACID
    LIPOTEICHOIC ACID
  • ALL COCCI ARE GRAM POSITIVE EXCEPT FOR? (3)
    Hint: NBV

    1. NEISSERIA
    2. BRUNHAMELLA / MORAXELLA
    3. VEILONELLA
  • WHICH OF THE 3 EXHIBIT A "RED" FLUORESCENCE WHEN EXPOSED TO UV LIGHT?
    VEILONELLA
  • EXAMPLES OF MEDICALLY RELEVANT GRAM (+) COCCI AEROBES. (3)
    Hint: MSS

    MICROCOCCUS SPP.
    STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP.
    STREPTOCOCCUS SPP.
  • EXAMPLES OF GRAM (+) COCCI ANAEROBES (3)
    Hint: PPS
    ● PEPTOCOCCUS SPP.
    PEPTOSTREPTOCOCCUS SPP.
    SARCINA SPP.
  • ALL BACILLI ARE GRAM (-) EXCEPT FOR? (11)

    ●BACILLUS
    ●CORYNENBACTERIUM
    ●ERYSIPELOTHRIX
    ●LISTERIA
    ●LACTOBACILLUS
    ●MYCOBACTERIA
    ●NOCARDIA
    ●ROTHIA/KURTHIA
    ●ACTINOMYCES
    ●CLOSTRIDIUM
    ●PROPIONOBACTERIUM
  • (8) AEROBIC BACILLI
    HINT: CELL BMNR

    CORYNENBACTERIUM
    ERYSIPELOTHRIX
    LISTERIA
    LACTOBACILLUS

    BACILLUS
    MYCOBACTERIA
    NOCARDIA
    ROTHIA/KURTHIA
  • (3) ANAEROBIC BACILLI
    HINT: CAP
    CLOSTRIDIUM
    ACTINOMYCES
    PROPIONOBACTERIUM
  • EXAMPLES OF FUNGUS-LIKE BACTERIA?(2)
    ACTINOMYCES
    NOCARDIA
  • EXAMPLES OF SPIROCHETES?(3)
    Hint: TBL

    TREPONEMA
    BORRELIA
    LEPTOSPIRA
  • WHAT ARE THE SPECIAL TERMS ASSOCIATED TO THEIR FLAGELLA (2)?
    PERIPLASMIC FLAGELLA
    AXIAL FILAMENTS
  • IT IS KNOWN THAT SPIROCHETES GENERALLY CANNOT BE STAINED.

    HOWEVER SOME OF CAN EXHIBIT A GRAM REACTION, SPIROCHETES THAT HAVE A GRAM REACTION ARE __________________?
    GRAM NEGATIVE
  • TERM GIVEN TO THE GRAM STAIN REACTION OF MYCOBACTERIA?
    GRAM GHOST / NEUTRAL
  • ASIDE FROM MYCOBACTERIA WHICH OTHER BACTERIA CAN BE CONSIDERED ACID FAST/PARTIALLY ACID FAST?(3)
    Hint: NRL

    NOCARDIA SPP.
    RHODOCOCCUS SPP.
    LEGIONELLA MICDADAE
  • PARASITES THAT ARE KNOWN TO BE ACID FAST?(2)
    ISOSPORA
    CRYPTOSPORIDIUM
  • ALL GRAM (-) BACILLI ARE AEROBES EXCEPT?(2)
    FUSOBACTERIUM
    BACTEROIDES
  • WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF AFB STAINING?
    ZIEHL-NEELSEN METHOD - hot method

    KINYUON METHOD - cold method
  • WHAT MORDANT/INTENSIFIER TECHNIQUE IS USED IN EACH OF THE TWO TYPES OF AFB STAINING?
    ZIEHL-NEELSEN - steam
    KINYUON - Tergitol
  • WHAT IS THE DECOLORIZER USED IN AFB STAINING?
    3%ACID ALCOHOL
  • HOW IS THE DECOLORIZER (3% ACID ALCOHOL) MADE? [ASSUMING THAT 1L NEEDED]
    30 ML HCL
    + 970 ML ETHYL ALCOHOL
  • WHAT IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED COUNTER STAIN IN AFB STAINING?
    METHYLENE BLUE - most commonly used

    MALACHITE GREEN - alternative
  • WHAT OTHER ACID MAYBE USED AS A DECOLORIZER IN AFB STAINING?(%)
    1% SULFURIC ACID
  • PURPOSE OF 1% SULFURIC ACID
    USEFUL IN THE DEMONSTRATION OF WEAKLY ACID FAST BACILLI

    (ex: Nocardia)
  • IDEAL SMEAR SIZE OF AFB STAIN
    2CM X 3CM
  • FUNCTION OF THE POLYSACCHARIDE COMPONENT A BACTERIAL CELL
    INHIBITS PHAGOCYTOSIS