REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

• Bartholin's glands secretes glucose to lubricate the vagina during sexual intercourse
• The cervix is located at the lower end of the uterus
• Sperm can survive up to five days inside the female reproductive system.
• Menarche: the first occurrence of menstruation
• Ovulation occurs about two weeks prior to menses, or period
• Menstruation is a monthly flow of bloody fluid from the uterus
• Ovulation: discharge of ova or ovules from the ovary
• Menopause is the absence of menses, happens between 48-55 yrs. old
• Postmenopausal bleeding occurs 6 months after menopaus
• amenorrhea is absence of menses
• Dysmenorrhea means painful menstruation
• Five phases of reproductive health: Prepuberty, Puberty, Childbearing, Perimenopausal, Menopausal
• Premenstrual syndrome (PMS): a cluster of symptoms that occur before menstruation
• Frequency: First day of the menses to the first day of the next menses (24-32 days)
• Duration of menses: 3-7 days
• TRICHOMONAL VAGINITIS - inflammation of the vagina
• CANDIDAL VAGINITIS is caused by Candida albicans
• BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS - is a condition wherein the vagina is colonized by bacteria
• Dyspareunia is the pain during intercourse
• UTERINE PROLAPSE - uterus protrudes into the vagina, weakness or damage of pelvic muscle
• TESTES produces spermatozoa and testosterone
• Venereal wart - caused by virus, contagious, HPV
• Epidermoid Cyst - Benign, painless
• Syphilitic Chancre - caused by bacteria
• Genital Herpes - caused by HSV(herpes simplex virus)
• Bartholin Gland Infection - labial swelling
• Ovarian Cancer - malignant tumor that develops on the ovaries
• Gonorrhea - caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae
• Hysterectomy: a surgical operation to remove all or part of the uterus
• SCROTAL PAIN - may indicate torsion of testicle
• HERNIA is a protrusion of an organ or part of an organ through a defect in the wall of the abdominal cavity
• Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia(BPH)
• PHYSICAL EXC of Penis: Skin, Prepuce, Glans, Base of Penis, location of urethra meatus
• PHYSICAL EXC of Scrotum: Skin, Scrotal contours, Inguinal Areas, Epidermoid Cysts
• Hypospadias the opening is on the underside of the penis.
• Epispadias - the opening of the urethral meatus is on the upperside of the penis
• Carcinoma of the Penis - Squamos cell carcinoma,
• Scrotal Edema: swelling of the scrotum due to build up of fluid
• Hydrocele - common to new born, fluid filled sac in the scrotum
• Scrotal Hernia is a hernia that occurs in the scrotum.