FOR FPU 221

• Straw is by far the most common non-wood fiber source, followed by bagasse and bamboo
• Fibers are divided into three

  categories:

  • Wood
  • Nonwood
  • nonplant fibers
• Paper can be made from nonwood fibers
• The physical, mechanical, and morphological properties of non-wood fibers affect their performance in terms of cellulose content,
• Non-wood Fibers (Agri. Residues)

  • Sugarcane Bagasse
  • Corn stalks
  • Cotton stalks
  • Rice straw
  • Wheat straw
  • Cereal straw
• Non-wood fibers (NG Plant)

  • Bamboo
  • Reeds
  • Sabai Grass
• Non-wood Crops

  • Jute
  • Cotton fibers
  • Ramie
  • Cotton linters
• Nonwood plants are classified as

  • dicotyledonous
  • monocotyledonous
• Conventional Plant Fibers - traditional plant fibers

  • Cotton
  • kapok
  • flax
  • jute
  • hemp
  • ramie
  • kenaf
  • sisal
  • abaca
  • henequen
  • coir
  • bamboo
• Nonconventional plant fibers - agro-based fiber leftovers

  • Corn stalks
  • wheat straw
  • rice straw
  • rice husks
  • sugarcane/bagasse
  • pineapple leaf
  • banana
  • Pseudostem
  • coconut stem
  • oil palm fibers
• The majority of nonwood fibers come from fast-growing plants that take months
• Nonwood development cycles are substantially shorter than softwood, which takes more than 20 years to mature, and hardwood, which takes more than 30 years