CRWT

• Nunan -

  • writings is a physical act committing word or ideas to some medium
  • mental act of inventing ideas, thinking on how to express them and organizing them into statements and pararaphs
• Writing dual purpose - express and impress
• Writing - a process and also a product
• Writing process - series of action taken by writers to produce a finished work
• Lane 2021

  • Critical writing depends on critical thinking. Your writing will involve reflection on written text; that is critical reading.
• Critical reading + critical thinking + writing = critical writing
• Writing critically involves

  • providing appropriate and sufficient arguement
  • precise, appropriate, and persuassive term
  • clear transition to ensure overall logic
  • editing for content, structure and language
• Critical writing, one must read to response than to react
• Respond - open minded and objective

  • require careful study of ideas
  • analytical and evaluative
  • productive and progressive
• Respond - nuanced reading

  • deep and detailed understanding
  • takes into account the "grey" areas
• React - emotional and subjective

  • quick and shallow
  • emotional level than intellectual level
  • locked on pre-existing opinion of the reader
• React - binary reading

  • provides only agree or disagree
  • do not allow for an understanding of complex arguement
• Tom Chatfield

  • Description report information about something but they do not perform any kind of reasoning - and nor they pass judgement on or analyze the information they contain
• Descriptive writing - essential element of academic writing and used to set the background and to provide evidence
• Descriptive writing - informing of what you have read, done, or seen
• Descriptive writing-

  • Reports what happened
  • outlines what something is
  • list details, information and/or options
  • quotes, summarizes, or paraphrase infos
  • states evidences
• Critical Writing -

  • involves developing a reasoned argument and participating in academic debate
  • using something you have read, done or seen to persuade the reader of you position
• Critical Writing

  • evaluates the significance
  • evaluates the strengths and weakness
  • critiques the option in order to pick the best one
  • compare and contrast different views
  • consider the relevance or validity of information from different writes
• Factors of Critical Writing

  • thinking (elements of reasoning)
  • quality of your thinking ( standards to critical thinking)
  • Yourself as you write (character traits)
  • fundamental concept that are central to all writing (context, audience, communication)
• Components of paper

  • Planning
  • Researching
  • Writing/ Drafting
  • Revising
• Planning - Topic

  • general subject
• Planning - Thesis statement

  • specific claim
  • claim that will be centered on the whole paper
• Planning - main points

  • explain, support and elaborate the thesis statement
  • need to be back up with further supporting points
• Planning -

  • thesis + main points = structure
  • skeleton or blueprint of the paper = outline
• Research - essential part of writing paper

  • understand your topic
  • enrich the trustworthiness of paper
• Writing/Drafting

  • begins with introductory part and ends with concluding section
  • body - thesis and main points
  • give credit to maintain intellectual integrity
• Revising - make to change, add, subtract ideas and sharpen the paper

  • making the paper better
• Element of reasoning -

  • Point of view
  • purpose
  • question at issues
  • information
  • conclusion and interpretation
  • concepts
  • assumptions
  • implication and consequences
• Brainstorming -pre-writing technique used to identify possible aspects of the topic that your paper will pursue and identify may ideas related to the topic/subject
• Freewriting - one writes freely, whatever come into the mind without caring the spelling, punctuation and more
• Freewriting - increase the flow of ideas and reduce the chance that you will accidentally censor a good idea
• Listing -

  • writing down keywords to generate ideas.
  • review the list and drop some ideas and focus on what is relevant
• Listing

  • ask questions to see what turns up
  • observe pattern and similarities
  • generate question worth of its own thesis statement
• Diagramming

  • CLustering
  • branching
  • comparing in columns
• Clustering

  • indicate the topic or phrase summarize the topic
  • encircle/list down related words/ideas
• Branching

  • example is tree diagram
  • from central topic to main points/ideas then to the aspects of the chief ideas
• Comparing in columns - showing opposition using table
• Thesis statement - states the subject matter and the main focus
• Thesis statement - defines the scope and focus of the paper
• Thesis statement - road map for the paper since it tells the reader what to expect form the rest of the paper