chechelato

• Types of agricultural crops

  • Food Crops
  • Feed Crops
  • Fiber Crops
  • Oil Crops
  • Ornamental Crops
  • Industrial Crops
• Food Crops


  Plants primarily raised, cultured and harvested for human consumption, with subcategories of field crops and root crops
• Field Crops


  • Crops (other than fruits or vegetables) grown on a large scale for agricultural purposes, e.g. wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane
• Root Crops


  • Underground plant parts edible for human consumption
• Feed Crops


  • Plants primarily raised, cultured and harvested for livestock consumption, e.g. corn, barley, oats, sorghum
• Fiber Crops


  • Plants primarily raised, cultured and harvested for their fibers used as raw material, e.g. abaca, silk, pina
• Oil Crops


  • Plants primarily raised, cultured and harvested as base for biodiesel production, e.g. palm, soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, canola, coconut
• Ornamental Crops


  • Plants primarily raised and cultured for purposes especially in gardens and landscape design projects
• Industrial Crops


  • Plants cultured for their biological materials used in industrial processes into nonedible products, e.g. tobacco, rubber
• Common commercial food crops in the Philippines

  • [List not provided]
• Steps in preparing a garden plot before planting


  1. Clean the garden and remove unnecessary trash

  2. Plow and harrow the garden several times for easier preparation

  3. Stake out the garden into plots in accordance with your garden plan

  4. Spread the soil evenly and harrow from time to time to kill weeds and make the soil finer
• Factors to consider in vegetable production

  • Climate
  • Soil
  • Water supply
  • Size of garden
  • Drainage
  • Sunlight
• Types of climate in the Philippines

  • Type I: Two seasons - wet and dry
  • Type II: Dry season from November to January
  • Type III: Seasons not pronounced, dry from November to April
  • Type IV: No dry season, rainfall evenly distributed
• Methods of planting seed

  • Direct Seeding
  • Indirect or Transplanting Seed
  • Asexual Method
• Direct Seeding


  Planting seeds directly on the ground in the farm or any growing surface, where they will grow up to harvesting
• Indirect or Transplanting Seed


  Planting seeds first in seed holes or seed boxes to produce seedlings which are then transplanted into the garden plots or field
• Asexual Method


  Using parts of plants like cuttings, stems, runners, or roots and tubers
• Tips on properly selecting seeds

  • Pick only mature or nearly mature fruits for seedling
  • Collect seeds only from healthy, vigorous trees with good form and growth
  • Wash and dry seeds covered with pulp or fruit juice
  • Ensure seeds are free from damage or disease
  • Dry good seeds quickly under the sun
  • Separate light and worthless seeds from good seeds by winnowing
• Characteristics of good seeds

  • Fully mature, big, round, and bulky
  • Viable
  • Clean, free from weed seeds, dirt, and other foreign matters
  • Free from seed diseases
  • Suitable to local condition
• Methods of testing good seeds

  • Visual Inspection
  • Water Treatment
  • Germination Test
• Visual Inspection


  Physical exam of plants or plant products, including seed, using the unaided eye or a lens, to detect pests or contaminants
• Water Treatment


  Soaking seeds in tap water until all are thoroughly wet, with defective ones often floating while better quality ones sink
• Germination Test


  The most reliable method of determining seed viability by testing the percentage of seeds that are alive in any seed lot
• Ways of Germination Test

  • Rag-doll Method
  • Dish Method
  • Seed Box Method
• Farm inputs are defined as products permitted for use in organic farming, and are resources used in farm production
• Farm Inputs


  • Seed
  • Fertilizer
  • Pesticide
• Seed


  Material used for planting or regeneration purpose, the most vital and crucial input for crop production
• Fertilizer


  Natural or artificial substance containing chemical elements that improve growth and productiveness of plants
• Pesticide


  Substance used for destroying insects or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or animals
• Farm Labor


  Manpower to perform agricultural works such as land preparation, planting, sowing, plant caring, maintenance, harvesting, and storing
• Labor Requirements


  • Labor Requirements for Land Preparation
  • Labor Requirements for Plant Care
• Calculations of Different Farm Inputs and Labor Requirements

  1. Seeds needed per hectare

  2. Total amount of fertilizer

  3. Total amount of salary paid during land preparation
• 1 hectare is equal to 10,000 m2 (square meter)
• 100 kl/ha seeds are needed if transplanting or direct seeding using drum seeder, 200 kl/ha if broadcasting