Digestive system quiz practice

• Ingestion - is the process of taking in food usually at the point where the gastrointestinal tract begins.
• Digestion - is the process of breaking down the ingested food into small molecules for an efficient absorption of nutrients.
• Mechanical Digestion and Chemical Digestion - two types of digestion.
• Secretion - takes place as digestive organs synthesize and release enzymes that will facilitate the chemical digestion.
• Absorption - takes place as the ingested food is completely digested for transport to other tissues of the body.
• Capillaries - usually transport water-soluble nutrients.
• Lacteals - are usually in-charge of glycerol and fatty acids.
• Mouth Cavity, Pharynx, Epiglottis, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestines, Large Intestines, Rectum and Anus - 8 types of human digestive system.
• Mouth Cavity - is a site for both mechanical and chemical digestion.
• Pharynx - is the tube that connects the mouth and esophagus.
• Nasopharynx, Oropharynx, Laryngopharynx - 3 types of Pharynx.
• Nasopharynx - is the upper portion, also the passageway of air.
• Oropharynx - is the middle tube, the passageway for both air and food.
• Laryngopharynx - is the lowest tube, it is also the passageway for food.
• Epiglottis - is a flap of tissue found in the throat behind tongue.
• Esophagus - is a long tube that connects mouth with stomach.
• Sphincters - it prevent food backflow.
• Stomach - is a hollow, curved, and muscular organ. it serves as a site for both storage and digestion of food.
• Rugae - allows stretching to accommodate food.
• Gastric Amylase, Gastric Lipase, Hydrochloric Acid, Pepsin - 4 types of Gastric Secretions.
• Gastric Amylase - digests complex carbohydrates into smaller dissaccharides.
• Gastric Lipase - initiates the digestion of dietary fats into smaller fatty acid chains.
• Hydrochloric Acid - helps kill the bacterial cell present in food and activates the pepsinogen.
• Pepsin - acts as a protease by initiating protein digestion.
• Small Intestine - is a 20 foot-long and the site of most chemical digestion.
• Maltase, Lactase, Sucrase, Peptidase, Nucleosidase - 5 types of Duodenal Secretions.
• Duodenal Secretions - Maltase, Lactase, Sucrase, Peptidase, Nucleosidase.
• Large Intestines - 3 foot-long that has little to no digestive function. Also called as colon.
• Mucus - primary secretion of large intestine.
• Rectum and Anus - they make up the last part of the gastrointestinal tract.
• Rectum - is the storage site for feces.
• Accessory Organs - organs that are not part of the gastrointestinal tract but they produce digestive enzymes.
• Saliva Glands - secretes saliva that can lubricate and moisten the food.
• Parotid Gland, Sublingual Gland, Submandibular Gland - Saliva Glands of consists of:
• Amylase, Trypsin, Lipase - Pancreas releases pancreatic juices which are:
• Bile - responsible for emulsification
• Amylase - responsible for starch digestion
• Trypsin - responsible for protein digestion
• Lipase - responsible for lipid digestion
• Nuclease - performs nucleic acid digestion