imhm week 2

• Shell life of ACD is 21 days
• Shelf life of CPD is 21 days
• shelf life of cp2d is 21 days
• shelf life of CPD-A1 is 35 days
• CPD-A1 has an extra adenine thats why it has a shelf life of up to 35 days
• cpd-a1 is the most commonly used anticoagulant-preservative solution in the blood bank
• The buffer of citrate is phosphate
• buffer maintains the ph of the stored blood
• glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose molecules
• atp is the source of fuel for the metabolism of the cell
• for every 1 molecule of glucose metabolized through glycolysis, 7 molecules of ATP are produced
• Dextrose is the source of energy for the blood cells
• adenine is an additional substrate for ATP production which can lead to longer shelf life
• Additives Solution

  AS-1 ADSOL = 42 DAYS SHELF LIFE

  AS-3 NUTRICELL = 42 DAYS SHELF LIFE

  AS-5 OPTISOL = 42 DAYS SHELF LIFE

  AS-7 SOLX = 42 DAYS SHELF LIFE
• Rejuvinating Solutions restores the level of 2,3-DPG
• Storage lesions are the biochemical changes that occur during blood storage
• Biochemical Changes during Storage Lesions (increased or decreased)

  ACIDS = INCREASED

  POTASSIUM = INCREASED

  SODIUM = DECREASED

  PH = DECREASED

  ATP AND GLUCOSE = DECREASED

  2,3-DPG = DECREASED
• Antigen is a substance that binds with an antibody
• antigen is also known as an immunogen
• proteins are the most immunogenic followed by carbs and glycoprotein
• pure lipids and pure nucleic acid are poor immunogens
• Immunogen should weight of more than 10,000 daltons, less than that cannot act as an immunogen and stimulate production of antibody
• antigen does not bind on antibody, it also binds on T Cells
• fastest route of administration for an antigen to stimulate Ag-Ab production is Intravenous route
• There are 200 rbc antigens grouped into 36 blood group system
• Principle of blood typing is direct hemagglutinin reaction