ART APP

• Art Period


  A specific length of time in history with prominent movement, trend or creed in artistic practice
• Art Movements


  Sets of distinguishable styles and artistic tendencies often characterized by a major trend in techniques or approach
• Art Criticism


  A discipline of the arts that seems to be both healthy and dying (from the essay of James Elkins "What Happened to Art Criticism")
• Art Period


  A specific length of time in history with prominent movement, trend or creed in artistic practice
• Art Movements


  Sets of distinguishable styles and artistic tendencies often characterized by a major trend in techniques or approach
• Art Criticism


  A discipline of the arts that seems to be both healthy and dying (from the essay of James Elkins "What Happened to Art Criticism")
• Stone Age


  • A term used to describe a period of history when stones were used to make tools for survival
  • Arts illustrated by early human creativity through small portable objects, cave paintings, and early sculpture and architecture
  • The unearthing of archeological artifacts and remains provides modern society a glimpse of the beliefs, practices, and activities of early civilizations
• Prehistoric Period


  • Cave paintings, Venus Figurines which are considered portable sculptures
  • Greek standard of beauty; the birth of Classical Age
  • Romans: the competitor of Greece
• Paleolithic Art


  • A product of climate change
  • Artworks can be considered ornamental but there is little evidence to fully back up this notion, that early humans created these cave paintings for that very purpose
• Neolithic Art


  • Has developed especially when life for the early humans has become more stable
  • Describes all arts and crafts created by societies who had abandoned the seminomadic lifestyle of hunting and gathering foods
• Egyptian Art


  • Civilization can be divided into three periods: Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms
  • For the Egyptians, art should be something religious and spiritual
  • During the Old Kingdom, it was evident that religion was bound to the afterlife
  • One of the key features of the Middle Kingdom is a shift in the political hierarchy
  • There is an emergence of powerful groups of landlords that threatened the authority and rule of the pharaoh
  • Because of the internal struggle between these two influential sides, art has taken a back seat during the Middle Kingdom
  • In order for art to reemerge and flourish, Egypt needed to have a more stable situation
• Geometric Period


  • When geometric shapes and patterns have taken the spotlight in most of the artworks
• Archaic Period


  • Placed importance on human figures
  • This was primarily a result of Greece's trading activities with other civilizations
• Classical Period


  • Peak of Greek sculpture and architecture
• Hellenistic Period


  • The time of Alexander the Great
  • During this time, art was primarily focused on showcasing emotions and depicting reality
• Ancient Rome


  • The Romans were fond of the Greeks and their achievements in the arts
  • The fusion of Greek and Roman cultures can be seen in most Roman artworks
• Middle Ages


  • The "death" of artistic freedom due to canonical standards of visual interpretation
  • The rise of Gothic art especially in Gothic churches
  • Popular art: Stained glass windows and illuminated manuscripts
  • Since the Church was the most important figure, the most important products of the early Middle Ages would have to be copies of the Christian scriptures
• Renaissance Art


  • The Revival of artistic genius
  • Where the term "Renaissance Man" was derived because of man's intellectual achievements in the arts and science
  • The time of "Masters" examples Donatello, DaVinci, Michaelangelo, and Van Eyck
  • Artists valued the "individual" as a subject of arts
  • The influence of humanism shifted the focus of some artworks during the Renaissance Period to empower the "individual"
  • Most artworks emphasized naturalism, which was also an influence of humanism since there was a great emphasis on the proportionality of the human body
• Mannerism


  • A period in art history, which was a product of the Renaissance Period
  • During the Renaissance, artists would observe nature and try their best to emulate it based on their observations
  • Named after maniera, an Italian term for "style" or "manner," and refers to a stylized, exaggerated approach to painting and sculpture
• Baroque


  • Grandiose and ornate art
  • Artistic innovation; "spotlight effect" called chiaroscuro or in extreme usage, it is called tenebrism
  • Artist to note: Caravaggio (Italy), Velascuez (Spain), Poussin (France), Antonio Gaudi (designer of "Sagrada Familia" chapel in Barcelona
• Baroque and Rococo


  • The term "baroque" is derived from the Portuguese term barocco which is translated as "irregularly shaped pearl"
  • This is a suitable description that Rome was the birthplace of the Baroque Period, which according to some historians was a response to Protestantism
• Neoclassicism


  • A movement in Europe that transpired during the late 18th and early 19th centuries
  • Dominant art movement that time which basically aimed to revive and rekindle the influences of Greek and Roman into art and architecture
• Romanticism


  • A movement in the arts and literature that originated in the late 18th century, emphasizing inspiration, subjectivity, and the primacy of the individual
  • Used the central themes of Neoclassicist artworks as a springboard
  • Romanticists have highlighted heroic elements into their work
  • Strongly emphasis on emotion and individualism
  • Characterized by a heightened interest in nature, emphasis on the individual's expression of emotion and imagination, departure from the attitudes and forms of classicism, and rebellion against established social rules
• Realism


  • A style of work focuses on the accuracy of details that depicts and somehow mirrors reality
  • A modern movement in art veered away from traditional forms of art
• Impressionism


  • Movement started in France, which led to a break from the tradition in European painting
  • A style of painting that emerged in the mid- to late 1800s
  • Impressionist artists incorporated scientific principles to achieve a more distinct representation of color
• Post-Impressionism


  • An art movement that emerged in France, which is a result of both the influence and rejection of Impressionism
  • The Scream, Starry Starry Night
• Neo-Impressionism


  • Considered as a response to empirical realism of impressionism
  • Most painters who subscribe to such movement rely on a systematic and scientific techniques that have a predetermined visual effects not only on the artwork itself but also how the audience perceive the art
• Art Nouveau


  • Between 1890 and 1910, countries from Europe and the United States witnessed the emergence and flourishing of a new art style
  • This ornamental style of art was a break from the conservative historicism, which was the prevailing and dominant theme of most Western artworks
• Fauvism


  • A style of painting that emerged in France around the turn of the 20th century
  • They used pure and vibrant colors by applying straight from the paint tubes directly to the canvas
  • Which is characterized by strong colors and fierce brushwork
• Cubism


  • Between 1907 and 1914, French artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque introduced a new visual arts style called cubism
  • Cubists highlighted the two- dimensional surface of the picture plane
  • Style is characterized by fragmented subject matter deconstructed in such a way that it can be viewed from multiple angles simultaneously
• FUTURISM

  an early 20th century art movement that started

  in Italy, which highlighted the speed, energy,

  dynamism, and power of machines.

  common themes for works in this movement are

  restlessness and the fast-pace of modern life.

  • an Italian art movement that defined modernity

  as motion, speed and dynamism.
• Contemporary


  Art of today
• The complexity of defining the term "contemporary" is attributed to the fact that people have dissenting views on the interpretation of the "present," of "today," or what the "now" means
• The complexity of defining the term "contemporary" is also attributed to the fact that it is hinged on the word "art" and suddenly it becomes a bit fuzzy
• Modern art


  • Digression of artists away from past conventions and traditions and toward freedom
  • Anything goes
• With the world becoming increasingly complex, it required an art that could accommodate such range and breadth
• Contemporary art


  • Heavily driven by ideas and theories
  • Blurring of notions of what is and can be considered as "art"
• Abstract expressionism (early 1940s to mid-1960s)

  Took the basic principles of abstraction and combined it with gestural techniques, mark-making, and a rugged spontaneity in its visual articulation
• Op art (early 1960s onward)


  • Creating an illusion to inform the experience of the artwork using color, pattern, and other perspective tricks
• Kinetic art (early 1950s onward)


  • Quest for actual movement in the works