WEEK 10 GASTROINTESTINAL

• Anti diarrheal medication

  Local reflex inhibitor

  -bismuth subsalicylate

  locally coats the lining of GIT to soothe irritation
• Local antimotility

  • loperamide

  directly inhibits the intestinal muscle activity to slow peristalsis
• central acting agent

  • opium derivatives (paregoric)
  • stops GIT spasms by CNS action
• Laxative medication

  Chemical stimulants

  • bisacodyl (dulcolax)

  direct stimulation of GIT nerves, irritant laxative
• Mechanical stimulants

  • lactulose

  increased fluid content of the fecal material causing stimulation of local reflex
• lubricants

  • docusate
  • mineral oil

  lubricate intestinal material to promote passage
• Anti emetics

  Phenothiazines

  • prochlorperazine

  centrally block the vomiting center in the medulla
• Non phenothiazine

  • metoclopramide

  reduces the responsiveness of nerve cell in medulla also blocks the dopamine receptor
• anticholinergic and antihistaminic

  • meclizine
  • buclizine

  blocks the transmission of impulses to medulla
• serotonin receptor blocker

  • dolasetron

  centrally and locally inhibit the serotonin receptor
• miscellaneous

  • dronabinol
  • hydroxizine

  acts in the CNS either in medulla or cortex