DEVPSY

• ADRENARCHE


  Release of adrenal androgens
• GONADARCHE


  Sex hormones
• Menarche


  First menstrual period
• Spermarche


  First ejaculation
• Primary sex characteristics


  Relate directly to reproductive capabilities
• Secondary sex characteristics


  Do not directly relate to reproductive capabilities
• Prefrontal cortex


  Decision-making, higher level cognition
• Myelination


  Increases information processing speed
• Synaptic pruning


  Strengthens strongest neural connections
• Limbic system


  Develops before prefrontal cortex, responsible for emotional processing, rewards & punishments
• Dopamine


  The "feel good" chemical, production is high
• Serotonin


  Calming chemical, balances dopamine, extreme behaviors
• Muscle dysmorphia


  Obsession with muscle development
• Bulimia nervosa


  Binge/purge cycles, often normal weight
• Anorexia nervosa


  Distorted body image, underweight, low caloric intake
• Binge-eating disorder


  Overeating sprees, often associated w/ anxiety, depression, obesity
• Anorexia


  Most fatal mental disorder, suicide is more common
• Binge eating


  Type II diabetes, obesity, high cholesterol, heart disease, high blood pressure
• Treatment of eating disorders


  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)
  • Medication
  • Counseling
  • Parental involvement, monitoring
• Attention


  • Selective attention
  • Divided attention
• Memory


  • Working memory
  • Long-term memory improve
• Processing speed


  Increases & levels off in adolescence
• Organization


  • Strategies & processes
  • Mnemonics, etc.
• Metacognition


  Thinking about thinking, planning ahead
• Hypothetical thinking


  What if?
• Abstract thinking


  Reality is not black & white
• Metacognition


  Thinking about thinking
• Imaginary audience


  Belief others are watching and judging one's behaviors
• Personal fable


  Belief in one's unique qualities, part of imaginary audience construction
• Invincibility fable


  Probabilistic consequences don't apply to self
• Risk-taking


  Behavioral decision-making: weigh rewards & consequences of actions
• Relativistic thinking


  Questioning absolute truth
• Self-concept


  • Self-awareness
  • Based on beliefs
• Identity vs. Role Confusion


  Who am I?
• Religious identity


  • Family influence
  • Questioning
• Political identity


  • Social issues
  • Youth tend to more liberal views than parents
• Vocational identity


  Part-time teen jobs don't prepare for full-time future careers
• Ethnic identity


  • Unexplored
  • Search
  • Achievement
• Gender identity


  • Self-perception on a spectrum
• Gender


  Social construct