Respiratory System

• acts as a filter to moisten and warm the entering air 


  nose
• serves as a food and air passageway

  Pharynx
• Voice box. Location of the vocal chords

  Larynx
• Flap of cartilage that automatically covers the opening of the larynx during swallowing

  Epiglottis
• The windpipe. Passageway of air to the bronchi

  Trachea
• Two branches that carry air from the trachea to the lungs


  Bronchus
• smallest subdivision of the bronchial tree

  Bronchioles
• two sponge-like organs in the chest cavity

  Lungs
• serous membrane covering each lung and lining the chest cavity


  Pleura
• muscular partition that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity

  Diaphragm
• space between the lungs that contain the heart, esophagus, trachea, and others

  Mediastinum
• respiratory condition characterized by obstruction of the bronchi

  asthma
• collapsed lung or incomplete expansion of a lung


  atelectasis
• abnormal condition of the lung characterized by irreversible condition of the bronchi

  bronchiectasis
• inflammation of the bronchi

  bronchitis
• acute respiratory syndrome in children and infants characterized by obstruction of larynx and a barking cough


  croup
• serious acute bacterial infection characterized by sore throat and fever

  diphtheria
• collection of pus in the pleural space


  empyema
• hemorrhage from the nose (nosebleed)

  epistaxis
• reduced level of oxygen in the blood

  hypoxemia
• reduced level of oxygen in the tissues


  hypoxia
• inflammation of the larynx

  laryngitis
• bacterial infection of the respiratory tract that mainly affects children

  Pertussis
• inflammation of the pharynx

  pharyngitis
• accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

  pleural effusion
• lung disease caused by inhalation of dust 


  pneumoconiosis
• inflammation of one or both lungs

  pneumonia
• accumulation of air in the pleural space


  pneumothorax
• crackling sounds heard when using stethoscope

  rales
• inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose

  rhinitis
• infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis

  tuberculosis
• whistling sound heard usually during expiration caused by narrowing of an airway

  wheeze
• visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

  bronchoscopy
• visual examination of the larynx using a laryngoscope 


  laryngoscopy
• measurement of the breathing capacity of the lungs

  spirometry
• use of needle to puncture the chest wall to collect fluid from the pleural cavity for diagnostic test

  thoracentesis
• portion of the pharynx behind the mouth

  oropharynx
• x-ray recording of the sinuses

  sinography
• dilation of the bronchioles

  bronchiolectasis
• a stone in the lungs

  pneumolith