ARGUMENTS IN MANIFESTOS

• Argument- is a set of ideas put together to prove a point.
• Argument is different from the ‘real world’ meaning where an argument denotes “fight” or “conflict”.
• An argument refers to a main idea that is usually called a “claim” or “thesis statement,” supported with evidence in arguing about the idea or claim itself
• Claim (Conclusion) - it is what you think is true about a topic by summarizing the main idea and come up with an opinion (what do you want reader to believe?)
• Reason (Premises) - It includes the evidences that comes in various forms, including specific examples quotes and ideas from other scholars, statistics, data, testimonies, narratives and facts (why should the reader accept your claim?).
• TWO BASIC PARTS OF AN ARGUMENT

  1. Claim(Conclusion)
  2. Reason(Premises)
• THREE WAYS TO PRESENT AN ARGUMENT

  1. REASONING
  2. EVIDENCES
  3. APPEAL
• Reasoning - providing with logical explanation of an argument
• Evidences - presenting statistics, facts, and studies.
• Appeal - pursuing reader's emotions.
• TWO MAIN TYPES OF ARGUMENTS

  1. Deductive Arguments
  2. Inductive Arguments
• Deductive Arguments : proceeds from general ideas/facts to specific inference (general to specific)
• Inductive Arguments : derives from specific observations lead to a general conclusion (specific to general)
• Manifesto : is defined as a written statement declaring publicly the intentions, motives, or views of its issuer.
• Manifesto : It is a written statement of a person or group's beliefs, aims, and policies, especially their political beliefs
• Manifesto : A public declaration of intentions, opinions, objectives, or motives, as one issued by a government, sovereign, or organization.
• Manifesto : This written statement usually involves a claim/argument associated both with evidences and reasoning over purely appealing to emotions.