Microbiology 4th quarter\

• Neisseria gonorrhae


  Gonorrhea
• Escherichia Coli


  Diarrhea
• Shigella


  Dysentery
• Vibrio


  Cholera
• Treponema


  Syphillis
• Mycoplasma


  Pneumonia
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa


  Burn, lung infection
• Streptococcus pyogenes


  Pharyngitis impetigo
• Streptococcus mutants


  Dental caries
• Influenza Virus


  Influenza
• Poliovirus


  Polio
• HIV


  AIDS
• Giardia Iamblia


  Giardiasis
• A type of virulence factor used by some pathogens to avoid phagocytes

  antiphagocytic factors
• a route usually cutaneous or membranous boundary

  portal of entry
• A type of infectious agent originating from a source outside the body

  exogenous
• a type of infectious agent already existing on or in the body

  endogenous
• the process by which microbes gain a more stable foothold at the portal of the entry.

  adhesion
• a type of immune cell that can engulf and destroy pathogens by means of enzymes and antimicrobial chemicals

  phagocytes
• It is a substance that are toxic to white blood cells


  leukocidins
• What are the 4 portals of entry?

  The skin, Respiratory tract, Gastrointestinal tract, Urogenital tract
• what species of bacteria is able to produce leukocidin

  streptococcus, staphylococcus
• gonorrhea


  fimbriae attach to the genital epithelium
• diarrhea


  well-developed fimbrial adhesin
• dysentery


  fimbriae attach to intestinal epithelium
• syphilis


  tapered hook embeds in host cells
• pneumonia


  specialized tip of bacteria fuse tightly to lung epithelium
• burn, lung infections


  fimbriae and slime layer
• pharyngitis impetigo


  lipotechoic acid and capsule anchor cocci to epithelium
• dental caries


  dextran slime layer glues cocci to tooth surface
• influenza

  viral spikes
• Polio


  Capsid proteins
• AIDS


  viral spikes to white blood cell receptors
• giardiasis


  small suction discs
• what are the factors that can weaken the host's defenses and increase susceptibility to infection?

  Old age and extreme youth, Aids, Surgery and organ transplants, Cancer, Liver malfunction, Diabetes, Chemotherapy, Physical and mental stress
• Chain of infection

  Pathogen>Reservoir>Portal of exit>Mode of transmission>Portal of entry>Susceptible host