Section A

• Changes in gender roles: the increasing role of women in public life (e.g. politics) following the impact of 1970s feminism
• Changing attitudes to sexualities: the increasingly visible role of LGBT people in public life, and acceptance of different sexualities
• Multiculturalism: the change from a white society in which racism is 'normal' to one characterised by many different racial and ethnic groups
• Celebrity culture: the organisation of popular culture around celebrities-people who are famous for being famous
• Consumerism: the expectation that people will aspire to 'better themselves' by buying goods and services (e.g. clothes, cars, houses) that mark out their individual identity
• Opposing ideas to consumerism may include: to reject material goods or to follow one's duty to a group or society
• Media language


  • Sound
  • Camerawork
  • Editing
  • Mise-en-scene
• Public Service Broadcasting for the public benefit rather than for purely commercial purposes
• BBC must inform, educate and entertain with diversity and distinctiveness
• OFCOM - regulating TV
• Watershed - time for TV programmes to be broadcast without being unsuitable for children
• Regulatory bodies


  • BBFC
  • IPSO
  • OFCOM
  • PEGI
  • VSC
  • BARB
• Funding types


  • Advertising
  • Licence fee
  • Subscriptions to streaming sites
  • Subscriptions to cable and satellite
• Mass and niche audiences
• CUFFS Episode 1 'Luck of the Drow!' aired in October 2015 on BBC
• CUFFS aimed to provide diverse and quality programming
• CUFFS aired at 8pm before the watershed
• CUFFS characters


  • Jake Vickers - rookie, prominent gay character
  • Ryan Draper - in charge of SAVE, single dad, respected cop
  • Donna Proger - gay, loves working with Lino
  • Lino Moretti - Italian
  • Jo Moffat - hard working, divorced, having an affair with chief
  • Chief Super Robert Vickers - boss, wife has cancer
• CUFFS was a crime drama
• CUFFS represented multiculturalism, including a Muslim character with 'feminine' qualities of caring
• Donna was physically and mentally stronger than Lino
• Jo Moffat held a high position of power and led investigations
• Jake and Donna were LGBTQ+ characters
• Brighton was the capital of the LGBT community in the UK in 2015
• In 2015, social attitudes towards the police were not positive, and CUFFS tried to challenge negative views
• The Equality Act of 2010 was relevant
• The BBC was funded by the licence fee as a Public Service Broadcaster
• The BBC's purpose is to inform, educate and entertain
• Lord Reith was the investigator of the BBC
• The Avengers Series 4, Episode 1 'The Town of No Return!' aired in 1960s-1966
• The Avengers was a crime drama set in Cold War Russia, UK, spies, murder, fear
• The Avengers was produced by the BBC
• The Avengers characters


  • Emma Peel
  • John Steed
• Emma Peel was a working woman, certified genius, and equal to Steed in her role as a spy
• Emma Peel was sexually objectified through her outfits
• John Steed was the stereotypical lead male character
• The Avengers reflected the younger, emerging sexual revolution of the 1960s
• There was a lack of LGBTQ+ representation in The Avengers
• There was a generation gap and difference in attitudes between the older and younger characters in The Avengers
• The Avengers costumes, accents, and language reflected conservative, traditional Post-War British values