NORMAL FLORA PT 2.

Created by

Geralf Mojana

Cards (22)

Skin normal flora are generally harmless but it might cause bloodstream infections if skin was penetrated.
The majority of skin microorganisms are found in the most superficial layers of the epidermis and the upper parts of the hair follicles.
The conjunctiva of the eye has primarily:
S. epidermidis
S. aureus
C. diphtheroids
S. pneumoniae.
Tears (Lysozyme enzyme), mucus, and oil will protect the conjunctiva of the eye from colonization by more bacteria.
Pathogens which do infect the conjunctiva
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Chlamydia trachomatis
sites of normal flora in respiratory tract
nares
nasophraynx
lower respiratory
oral cavity have both aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
The most common ones are:
C. diphtheroides
S. aureus
S. epidermidis.
Teeth and Gengiva inhabits S. mutans
The middle ear and inner ear are usually sterile
The outer ear and the auditory canal contain the same normal flora of the skin.
Kidneys, Ureters and Urinary Bladder are sterile.
Lower Urethra and external opening has bacteria, yeast, and viruses. It Has the same bacteria present on the skin.
Male and female genitals are sterile except vagina
Vagina
Lactobacillus spp. keeps the pH acidic to protect the vagina from opportunistic infections
fungal vaginitis caused by(Candida albicans)
bacterial vaginosis caused by (Bacteroides spp., Gardnerella vaginalis)
sites of normal flora in urogenital tract
anterior urethra
vagina
Normal vaginal flora is maintained through an acidic pH, and imbalances created by overgrowth of pathologic organisms can lead to vaginitis.
it is true that certain birth control pills can also alter the normal vaginal flora.
Only few bacteria are present in the stomach due to gastric enzymes and acidic pH.
Only few normal flora are present in the upper part of small intestine because bile kills them.
Large intestine Has more bacteria than any other part of the body. 99% of normal flora in the large intestine are anaerobic Bacteroides spp.