Communicable Disease 2 - Viruses

• What are viruses considered to be?

  Organisms
• How much smaller are viruses compared to animal cells?

  About 10,000 times smaller
• Can viruses reproduce by themselves?

  No, they cannot reproduce alone
• What do viruses use to replicate once inside a host cell?

  The host cell's own machinery
• What happens when viruses burst a host cell?

  They release new viruses to infect others
• Why do viruses make us feel ill?

  They damage our bodies during replication
• How is the measles virus spread?

  By droplets from coughing or sneezing
• What are common symptoms of measles?

  Red rash and fever
• How serious can measles be?

  It can be serious and sometimes fatal
• Why is measles rare in the UK?

  Most people are vaccinated against it
• How is HIV primarily spread?

  Through sexual contact and bodily fluids
• What does HIV stand for?

  Human immunodeficiency virus
• What does HIV affect in the body?

  The immune system
• What symptoms might occur when someone first catches HIV?

  Flu-like symptoms such as fever and tiredness
• What happens to the immune system over time with HIV?

  It becomes weaker and unable to fight infections
• What is AIDS?

  A disease caused by HIV affecting immunity
• What can happen when a person develops AIDS?

  They can catch unusual infections and cancers
• What are anti-retroviral drugs used for?

  To prevent HIV from replicating
• What is the outcome for people with access to anti-retroviral drugs?

  They can live normal lives
• What does the tobacco mosaic virus affect?

  Certain plant species like tobacco and tomato
• Why is it called the tobacco mosaic virus?

  It causes a mosaic pattern on leaves
• What is the effect of TMV on photosynthesis?

  It prevents photosynthesis in discolored patches
• What is the overall impact of TMV on plant growth?

  Plants cannot produce enough sugars for growth
• Where can you find more educational resources related to this video?

  • Cognito website
  • Questions and flashcards
  • Exam style questions and past papers
  • Progress tracking