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Biology
Topic 7 Animal Coordination Control and Homeostatis
Contraception
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Fred oldham
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Cards (45)
What is the main purpose of contraception?
To prevent
pregnancy
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How does understanding pregnancy help in discussing contraception?
It clarifies how contraception
interrupts
pregnancy
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What hormone stimulates egg development in the ovaries?
FSH
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What triggers ovulation?
LH hormone
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What happens to the egg after ovulation?
It travels through the
fallopian tube
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What is formed when an egg combines with a sperm cell?
A
fertilized egg
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Where does the fertilized egg implant?
In the
uterus wall
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What is the cervix?
The entrance to the
uterus
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How does contraception prevent pregnancy?
By interrupting the process of
fertilization
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How can contraception methods be categorized?
By
hormonal
and
non-hormonal
methods
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What do hormonal contraceptives release?
Estrogen
,
progesterone
, or both
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What does steady release of estrogen inhibit?
Production of
FSH
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What does progesterone do in hormonal contraception?
Stimulates
thick
mucus production in
cervix
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What is the combined oral contraceptive pill commonly called?
The pill
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How effective is the combined oral contraceptive pill?
Over
99%
effective
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What are some side effects of the combined oral contraceptive pill?
Headaches
or
nausea
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What is the effectiveness of the progesterone-only pill?
Just as effective as the
combined pill
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What is the contraceptive patch?
A sticker releasing
hormones
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How long does each contraceptive patch last?
One
week
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What is the contraceptive injection?
An injection of
progesterone
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How long does each dose of the contraceptive injection last?
2 to 3 months
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What is the contraceptive implant?
A device releasing
progesterone
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How long does the contraceptive implant last?
Up to
3
years
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What is the intrauterine device (IUD)?
A device placed inside the
uterus
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What does the plastic version of the IUD release?
Progesterone
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How does the copper IUD prevent pregnancy?
By killing
sperm
in the
uterus
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What is another name for the copper IUD?
The
copper coil
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How long can both types of IUD last?
Over 3
years
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What is a key difference between hormonal contraceptives?
Invasiveness
of
initial treatment
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What do non-hormonal contraceptives prevent?
Sperm
from meeting the
egg
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How do condoms work?
They trap
sperm
during
intercourse
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What is a unique benefit of condoms?
They protect against
STDs
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What is a diaphragm?
A cup that fits over the
cervix
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Why must a diaphragm be used with spermicide?
It is not very
reliable
alone
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How effective are spermicides alone?
About
70%
effective
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What does sterilization involve for women?
Cutting or tying the
fallopian tubes
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Why is female sterilization considered permanent?
It prevents
eggs
from reaching the
uterus
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How can men undergo sterilization?
By cutting and tying
sperm ducts
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What are natural methods of contraception?
Timing sex or stopping before
ejaculation
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Why are natural methods of contraception unreliable?
They do not
consistently
prevent
pregnancy
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