Enzymes

• What is a substrate?

  The substance enzymes act upon
• Active Site


  specific part of an enzyme where a substrate fits
• Lock and key model


  Enzymes and substrates fit together based on their specific shapes like a key fits a lock
• Three factors that affect enzyme activity

  pH, temperature and concentration
• Acid


  pH between 0-7
• Base


  pH between 1-14
• Neutral


  pH of 7
• Optimal temperature


  Temperature at which an enzyme works the best
• Denature 


  Change in shape of an enzyme
• What type of biomolecule is an enzyme

  Protein
• What type of enzyme has lipid as a substrate

  Lipase
• What type of enzyme has protein as a substrate

  Protease
• What type of enzyme has lactose as a substrate

  Lactase
• characteristics of an enzyme after catalysing a chemical reaction


  Remains unchanged
• Concentration


  How much of a substance is present
• Optimal pH


  pH at which an enzyme works best
• Inhibitor 


  Substance that slows down or stops a chemical reaction