Lesson 5: People

Cards (26)

  • Chemical composition of chromosomes:
    • lipids
    • proteins (histones/proteins or non histone)
    • nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)
  • 6 characteristics of genetic material:
    • Can duplicate itself
    • Stable molecular structure
    • Mutation is duplicated faithfully
    • Carry biological information
    • Transmit information
    • Stored information
  • 1830s: Greek "proteios" meaning 'of first importance'
  • Friedrich Miescher: pus cells, isolated from nucleus called it nuclein
  • Ernst Haeckel: discovered nucleus
  • Edmund Wilson: used stain technique to determine most important element (DNA)
  • Frederick Griffith: did transformation using Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Frederick Griffith: declared presence of transforming
  • Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod and Maclyn McCarty:
    Transforming principle as DNA
  • Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase:
    Proved DNA is bacterial virus.
  • DNA is labeled with 32, protein is labeled 35S
  • Hershey and Chase did the blender technique
  • The blender experiment separates phages from bacteria
  • Norton Zinder, Joshua and Esther Lederberg:
    Nobel Prize for genetic research
  • Norton Zinder, Joshua and Esther Lederberg:
    transduction experiment in Salmonella typhimurium
  • Francis Crick:
    Univ College London involved in magnetic mines
  • James D. Watson:
    Child prodigy and did labelling of phage DNA
  • Maurice Wilkins:
    Manhattan project and worked on x-ray diffraction of DNA
  • Rosalind Franklin:
    expert on X-ray diffraction, joined Kings College
  • Rosalind Franklin, Gosling and Maurice Wilkins:
    helical DNA, sugar, and phosphate outside, nucleotide inside
  • James Watson and Francis Crick:
    triple helix, phosphate in center
  • John Griffith:
    Nucleotides are flat, Pairing AT and CG
  • Erwin Chargaff:
    Purine-Pyrimidine (Chargaff's Rule)
  • Jerry Donohue:
    H in bases can change position, possibility in H-bonding
  • 2 Publication of watson and crick:
    • Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acid
    • Genetic Implications of the Structure DNA
  • Nobel Prize Winner for Configuration of DNA:
    Watson, Crick, Wilkins