Philosophy Finals

• Truth - a fundamental aspect in human condition.
• A number of arguments may be based on faulty arguments called Fallacies.
• Fallacies - to convince you to accept his / her arguments.
• Ad Hominem - a type of fallacy that attacks the person not the problem.
• Appeal to Force - a type of fallacy that uses threats.
• Appeal to Emotions - a type of fallacy that uses emotions.
• Appeal to the Popular - a type of fallacy that is accepted by lots of people.
• Begging the Question - a type of fallacy that is called as "circular arguments."
• Cause and Effect - a type of fallacy between unrelated events
• Fallacy of Composition - a fallacy that assumes that a true from a part is true for the whole.
• Fallacy of Division - a fallacy that assumes what is true for the whole is true for its parts.
• Fact - these are established truths that are verifiable.
• Opinions - it is subjective and expresses certain views and beliefs.
• Correspondence Bias or Attribution Effect - a bias that judges a person's personality by their actions.
• Confirmation Bias - a bias that looks and accepts information to fit with one's own beliefs.
• Framing - a bias that focuses on a certain aspect while ignoring other aspects.
• Hindsight - a bias that sees past events as predictable.
• Conflict of Interest - a bias where person/group is connected to a vested interest.
• Cultural Bias - a bias the is based on one's cultural standards.
• Man - it is the general term for the entire human race.
• Human - it is man as species
• Person - it is a more complex term who recognizes certain rights, protection, and responsibilities.
• Biological Perspective - a perspective that focuses on living things and says that man is a part of the natural world and is a product of evolution.
• Psychological Perspective - a perspective that focuses on mind and behavior and emphasizes on human behavior and thought process.
• The Psyche - a mental facility where human mind is divided to conscious and unconscious.
• Rationality - a mental facility being at the state of reasonable
• Intelligence - a mental facility that has the ability to perceive informations.
• Introspection - a mental facility that has the ability to examine one's conscious, thoughts, etc
• Cognition - a mental facility that has the ability to perceive and experience reality through physical body.
• Economic Perspective - a perspective that focuses on production, distribution, and consumption. It is the man's ability to engage in productive activities.
• Social and Political Perspective - a perspective that states how institutions governing collective life ought to be arranged and why
• Theological Perspective - a perspective that focuses on religious beliefs and considers man as God's creation.
• Enactivism - it arises through the interaction of organism and environment.
• Social and Political Perspective - views that no individual is self-sufficient.
• Human Person - the individual and all the attitudes and characteristic that set them apart from other humans.
• Three Significant Concepts of Human Person

  • Self
  • Identity
  • Personhood
• Sentience - the ability to feel, experience, and perceive surroundings.
• Self - the quality that makes us distinct from others
• Self as Innate - considers self as a natural part of human being
• Self as Emergent - awareness is gained through interaction with the world