young medics - biology

• Organelle


  A tiny cell structure that carries out a specific function within the cell
• Cell


  smallest unit of life
• Specialised cell


  A cell adapted to carry out specific functions.
• Tissue


  A group of similar cells that perform a specific function.
• Organ


  A collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
• Organ system


  group of organs that work together to perform a specific function
• Organism


  Any living thing
• pathogen


  An organism that causes disease
• Respiration


  Inhalation and exhalation of air.
• Nucleus


  Control center of the cell
• Ribosome


  Makes proteins in the cell
• Cytoplasm


  A jellylike fluid inside the cell in which the organelles are suspended
• Cell membrane


  A cell structure that controls which substances can enter or leave the cell.
• Chloroplast


  An organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs
• Vacuole


  A sac inside a cell that acts as a storage area
• Cell wall


  A rigid layer of nonliving material that surrounds the cells of plants and some other organisms.
• Enzyme


  protein that acts as a biological catalyst
• Eukaryotic cell


  cell that has a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles
• Prokaryotic cell


  A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
• Nucleoid


  A dense region of DNA in a prokaryotic cell.
• Flagellum


  A long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move.
• Plasmid


  A small ring of DNA that carries accessory genes separate from those of the bacterial chromosome
• Capsule


  Covers the cell wall in prokaryotes.
• Fungi


  A kingdom made up of nongreen, eukaryotic organisms that have no means of movement, reproduce by using spores, and get food by breaking down substances in their surroundings and absorbing the nutrients
• Virus


  A tiny, nonliving particle that invades and then reproduces inside a living cell.
• Protoctists


  Microscopic, single-celled organisms. Examples include Plasmodium and Volvox.
• Hyphae


  The branching, threadlike tubes that make up the bodies of multicellular fungi
• Protein coat


  Protective part of a virus
• Red blood cell


  Blood cells that carry oxygen from the lungs to the body cells.
• white blood cell


  Blood cells that perform the function of destroying disease-causing microorganisms
• Aseptic technique


  method used to make the environment, the worker, and the patient as germ-free as possible
• Inoculating loop


  instrument used to pick up and transfer bacteria
• Agar


  a gel-like polysaccharide compound used for culturing microbes; extracted from certain red algae
• Cilia


  Hairlike projections that extend from the plasma membrane and are used for locomotion
• Contamination


  The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item's surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair, and skin.
• Salivary glands


  Glands of the mouth that produce saliva, a digestive secretion
• Oesophagus


  Tube connecting the mouth to the stomach
• HCl acid


  chemical that breaks down solid food into paste (chyme); kills bacteria
• Plasma


  Liquid part of blood
• Platelets


  small, colorless cell fragments in our blood that form clots and stop or prevent bleeding