RedOx, Extracting Iron and Transition metals

• What is oxidation?

  The gain of oxygen
• What is reduction?

  The loss of oxygen
• How do you remember oxidation and reduction?

  Oxidation

  Is

  Loss

  Reduction

  Is

  Gain
• Do oxidation and reduction happen at separate times?

  No
• What do we call a reaction where oxidation and reduction occur?

  A redox reaction
• Where are transition metals found on the period table?

  In the central area
• What are the properties of transition metals?

  • Form coloured compounds
  • Good conductors of heat and electricity
  • Malleable
  • Less reactive than alkali metals
  • High melting point
  • Hard and tough
  • High densities
  • Can form ions
• What colour does Fe2+ turn?

  Pale green
• What precipitate does Fe(OH)2 form?

  Dirty green ppt.
• What colour does Fe3+ form?

  Brown
• What precipitate does Fe(OH)3 make?

  Orange/brown ppt.
• What colour does Cu2+ turn?

  Blue
• What precipitate does Cu(OH)2 form?

  Blue ppt.
• Where is iron extracted from haematite?

  In the blast furnace
• What is removed in the blast furnace?

  Oxygen
• What reaction occurs in the blast furnace?

  Reduction reaction
• What is this?

  The blast furnace

  
• What is step 1 in the blast furnace?

  Hot air reacts with carbon to produce carbon dioxide

  C+O2 > CO2
• What is step 2 in the blast furnace?

  More coke is added and reduces the carbon dioxide to carbon monoxide

  CO2+C > 2CO
• What is step 3 in the blast furnace?

  Iron oxide is reduced

  2Fe2O3 + 3C > 4Fe + 3CO2
• What is step 4 in the blast furnace?

  Calcium carbonate thermally decomposes and reacts with silica to form slag

  CaCO3 > CaO+CO2

  CaO+SiO2 > CaSiO3
• What is slag?

  Calcium silicate (CaSiO3)
• What does iron ore contain?

  Iron oxide (Fe2O3)
• What does coke contain?

  Carbon (C)
• What does limestone contain?

  Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
• What does air contain?

  Oxygen (O)
• What is the function of iron ore?

  It’s where iron is extracted
• What is the function of coke?

  Used as fuel and reacts to form carbon monoxide
• what is the function of limestone?

  Removes acidic impurities e.g slag
• What is the function of air?

  Oxygen is needed for coke to burn which produces heat
• What needs to be considered before choosing a blast furnace site?

  • Near the coast for imports
  • Near roads and railways for transport of products
  • Near a town or city for workers
  • Away from built up areas to reduce noise and pollution
• What is a good example of a suitable site for a blast furnace in Wales?

  Port Talbot