IT Essentials

• Device to Network Connection

  Configure devices for wired and wireless networks
• MAC addressing


  Unique number that is part of the NIC
• IP addressing


  Assigned by the company or internet provider
• Configuring a NIC


  Configure for wired and wireless networks
• Configuring wireless networking in a small LAN

  Configure wireless networking
• Configuring firewall settings


  Configure firewall settings
• Configuring IoT devices


  Configure IoT devices
• Network Troubleshooting


  • Troubleshoot problems and solutions related to networks
  • Explain the six steps of the troubleshooting process for networks
  • Troubleshoot common and advanced problems related to networks
• MAC Address


  Physical address, OUI and vendor assigned, communication on same/separate network
• IPv4 Addressing


  Communication analogy, decimal/binary/hexadecimal, subnet masks, network and host portions, addressing example

  
• IPv6 Addressing


  Hexadecimal segments, address compression rules, network and host portions, addressing example

  
• When a laptop is moved to a different network, the MAC address stays the same, but the IPv4 and IPv6 addresses change

  
• Static Addressing


  IP address, subnet mask, default gateway, DNS server

  
• Dynamic Addressing

  IP addressing information comes from a DHCP server

  
• DNS Records


  Resource records (RRs) stored on DNS server, used to resolve domain name queries, anti-spam security features

  
• DHCP Operation


  1. step process for DHCP client to obtain lease, lease mechanism
• VLAN


  Provide segmentation and organizational flexibility, based on logical connections, reduce broadcast traffic and implement access/security policies
• Link-local IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses

  IPv4 device uses if it cannot obtain an IPv4 IP address, IPv6 device must always have a dynamic or manually configured link-local IPv6 IP address

  
• Configuring a NIC

  Configure computers to use DHCP, configure static addressing, use ipconfig to retrieve host IPv4 information, use ping to verify connectivity

  
• A device driver is a small piece of software that allows the operating system to communicate with specific types of hardware.
• An application program is any computer program other than an operating system or utility program.
• The operating system is the software that manages all hardware resources, including memory, processors, storage devices, and input/output (I/O) ports.
• The purpose of a network interface card (NIC) is to allow communication between devices over a network by converting data into signals that can be transmitted through cables or wireless channels.
• 1. Shut down your computer and unplug all power sources.
• To install a new NIC, follow these steps:
• BIOS settings can be accessed by pressing F2 during startup.
• To install a new NIC, follow these steps:
• The BIOS (Basic Input Output System) is firmware stored in ROM chips on the motherboard that controls communication between devices such as the CPU, keyboard, mouse, hard drive, and video card.
• To install a new NIC, follow these steps:
• A utility program is a type of software designed to perform specialized tasks such as file management, disk maintenance, data backup, and network administration.
• To install a new NIC, follow these steps:
• The CMOS battery provides power to the BIOS chip when the PC is turned off.
• The boot sequence determines which device will be used as the primary source of information when starting the computer.
• 3. Locate the motherboard inside the case.
• 3. Locate an empty expansion slot on the motherboard near where the existing NIC is located.
• A database is a collection of related data organized into tables containing rows and columns.