UTS FINALS REVIEWER

• Physical Self


  The aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined, the body which is interfaced with the environment and other human beings
• Life span


  1. Prenatal - fertilization to birth

  2. Infancy - birth to 2 weeks of life

  3. Babyhood - 2 weeks of life to 2 years old

  4. Early childhood - 2 to 6 years old

  5. Late childhood - 6 to 10 or 12 years old

  6. Puberty - 10 or 12 to 14 years old

  7. Adolescence - 14 to 18 years old

  8. Early adulthood - 18 to 40 years old

  9. Middle adulthood - 40 to 60 years old

  10. Late adulthood or senescence - 60 years old to death
• Factors affecting physical growth and development

  • Heredity - the biological process of the inheritance of traits from parents to offspring
  • Environment - the factors an individual is exposed to throughout life, which includes learning and experiences (e.g. diet, nutrition)
• Physical Development


  The changes and growth of the body
• Physical Characteristics


  The defining traits or features of the body, including height, weight, shape, color, etc.
• Build Characteristics


  • Medium build, athletic, fit, muscular, etc.
• Height Characteristics


  • Short, tall, petite, average height
• Complexion Characteristics


  • Dark, light, fair, rosy, olive, pale, bronzed, tan, moles, etc.
• Hair Characteristics


  • Blonde, brown, black, white, long, puffy, short, curly, wavy, straight
• Body Types


  • Ectomorph - long and lean, long-limbed and not particularly muscular, small frame and joints
  • Mesomorph - the shoulders are roughly the same width as the hips, naturally having more muscle mass and moderate levels of body fat
  • Endomorph - the shoulder is wider than the hips, tend to have curvy, fuller figures, stores both muscle and fat in the lower half of the body
• Standards of beauty


  Products of a diverse mix of cultural and historical influences
• Physical attractiveness


  Refers to a person's degree of physical beauty as defined by his or her culture
• Body adornment


  The practice of enhancing the body through styling and decorating the hair and fingernails, painting the body, wearing jewelry and clothing
• Body modification


  The physical alteration of the body through the use of surgery, tattoo, piercing, implants, and other practices
• Physical beauty


  Outside beauty that can be seen
• Nonphysical beauty


  Can't be measured, but it can certainly be felt. It emanates from within
• Body Image


  How individuals perceive, think and feel about their body and physical appearance. Can be positive or negative
• Perceptual Body Image


  The way you SEE your body
• Affective Body Image


  The way you FEEL about your body
• Cognitive Body Image


  The way you THINK about your body
• Developing a positive body image

  1. Good self-esteem

  2. Positive attitude

  3. Emotional awareness and self-control
• Sexual Self


  Part of the self where one learns to understand sexual development and how people's sexual activity, beliefs, and misconceptions can influence one's sexual behaviors and responses
• Primary sexual characteristics


  The sexual and reproductive organs
• Secondary sexual characteristics


  The features that appear during puberty which develops in response to hormonal signals from the pituitary glands
• Puberty


  The period of in which rapid physical, mental, emotional, and psychological changes occur. Begins around 10-12 years old for females and 11-12 years old for males
• Erogenous zones


  Areas of the body that have an unusually rich group of nerve receptors and are particularly sensitive
• Sexual Identity


  A person's understanding of who they are sexually, including gender identity, sexual orientation and romantic orientation
• Sex


  The biological characteristics determined at conception
• Gender


  The characteristics that relate to the categories of male, female, or a term used to denote a range of identities
• Attraction


  The positive feelings about another person, including liking, love, friendship, and admiration
• Influences on attraction


  Physical Attractiveness - romantic attraction is primarily determined by physical attractiveness.

  Proximity - people are likely to become friends with people who are geographically close.

  Similarity - people tend to have partners who are similar to themselves in characteristics such as age, religion, social class, personality, etc.

  Reciprocity - people tend to like others who reciprocate their liking.
• Intimacy


  Involves feelings of closeness, connectedness, and bondedness in relationships
• Passion


  Drives that lead to physical attraction, romance
• Decision/Commitment


  The desire to remain/stay with another person in the long-term relationship, involves feelings that lead a person to remain with someone and move toward shared goals
• Sex


  The biological characteristics that define humans as female or male
• Gender


  The characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed
• Sexual orientation


  A person's enduring physical, romantic, and/or emotional attraction to one another
• Gender identity


  Personal conception of oneself as male or female (or rarely, both or neither)
• Gender expression


  How a person publicly expresses or presents their gender, including behavior and outward appearance such as dress, hair, make-up, body language and voice
• Gender Identity Terms


  • Agender
  • Bigender
  • Cisgender
  • Transgender