BIO

• Biology


  Study of life
• Organic Compounds


  Chemicals that contain carbon atoms
• Carbohydrates


  compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
• Cellulose


  Gives strength and protection to plant cells
• Lipids


  Are macromolecules such as fats, oils and waxes
• Proteins


  Are made of repeating unit of amino acids
• Enzymes


  Are proteins that act as biological catalysts
• Catalyst


  substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
• Nucleic Acids


  Carriers of hereditary information in living organisms
• Vitamins


  Essential to life but not required as energy sources. It is necessary in very small amount for body growth and activity
• Inorganic compounds


  Compounds that do not contain carbon
• Water


  Most abundant inorganic compound
• Carbon dioxide


  Supplies the carbon found in substances made by living things
• Life functions


  All living things carry out certain activities or functions in order to maintain life
• Nutrition


  The process by which your body takes in and uses food to provide energy for life, promote grow and repair or replace damages tissues
• Transport


  Involves absorption and circulation
• Metabolism


  The chemical process by which the body breaks down food to release energy
• Homeostasis


  A tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state
• Digestion


  Breaking down food
• Absorption


  the process of absorbing nutrients into the body after digestion. Allows small molecules to pass through cell membranes throughout the body tissues
• Excretion


  Elimination of metabolic wastes
• Reproduction


  The process of producing offspring either sexually or asexually
• Asexual reproduction


  Reproduction without the use of gametes or sex cells
• Fission


  Splitting of the body of an organism into two identical parts
• Budding


  A form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism grows out of the body of a parent.
• Sporulation


  Spore formation
• Spore


  A tiny cell that ferns and fungi use to reproduce
• Sexual reproduction


  Requires the union of male and female gametes called 'fertilization
• External Fertilization


  The union of gametes outside the bodies of the parents, as in many fishes and amphibians
• Internal Fertilization


  The union of an egg cell with a sperm during sexual reproduction inside the body of a parent
• Cells


  Basic unit of life
• Prokaryotic Cells


  no nucleus- found in bacteria and archaebacteria
• Plasma membrane


  permeable barrier
• Cytoplasm


  The semi liquid material inside a cell which all organelles float in
• DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)


  a complex molecule containing the genetic information that makes up the chromosomes. In a form of double helix, a shape similar to a spiral staircase
• Ribosomes


  Makes proteins
• Eukaryotic cells


  Contain a nucleus and other organelles that are bound by membranes.
• Animal cell


  Have centrioles and lysosomes that plant cells don't
• Organelles


  A membrane-enclosed structure with a specialized function within a cell.
• Mitochondria


  Powerhouse of the cell