ICZM

• Integrated Coastal Zone Management considers all elements of the coastal system, considers long term management and immediate needs.
• ICZM's in developing countries tend to focus on adaptation to coastal erosion and flooding as its cheaper. ICZM's in developed countries adapt and mitigate as there's a greater demand to control natural processes
• 4 decisions for Shoreline Management Plan's? (SMP)

  • No Active Intervention
  • Strategic realignment
  • Hold the Line
  • Advance the Line
• strategic alignment is allowing shoreline to move natuarally, aims to protect most important areas
• advance the line is building new coastal defences further out to sea than existing line of defence
• 3 ways deciding what strategy to use on a coastline?

  • LLSSICE
  • Cost Benefit Analysis
  • Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
• C- Costs

  L - Land Value

  S - Sensitivity of local environment

  L - Local Opinions

  I - Impact on coastal processes

  C - Cultural heritage of area

  E - Engineering suitability
• 4 things the EIA looks at the impact of construction on?

  • natural processes like longshore drift
  • particular species
  • balance in ecosystem
  • environmental quality
• an example of conflict between players?

  • local residents and homeowners want their land protected whereas environmental pressure groups want to conserve habitats
• case study for contrasting strategies at developed and developing countries?

  Happisburgh, England - developed

  Chittagong, Bangladesh - developing