French terms

• Journeé

  Day of significant action

  Day or period of fr when sans-culotte rose up in insurrection

  14th july 1789 storming of Batille
• Lettres de cachet

  Kings right to arbitrary arrest & imprisonment

  person is detained without trial
• Dauphin

  Title given to the heir apparent to the throne of France from 1350 to 1791, and from 1824 to 1830
• Parlements

  Did not create laws and weren't elected

  would ensure that populace performed civic duties and prosecute those who didn't

  Could refuse to register and implement laws created by king if felt them to be against Ancien regime

  Would be difficult for king to pass laws without parlements
• Lit de justice

  If parlements refused to register Kings law King could overrule the parlements and demand rule was registered

  Could be accused of despotism
• Ancien Regime

  Political and social system of France prior to the French Revolution

  Under regime everyone was subject of king of France as well as a member of an estate and province
• La Gabelle

  indirect tax on salt

  paid only by the 3rd estate
• Bourgeois

  belonging to or having characteristic of the middle class materialistic values or conventional attitudes

  Richer members of 3rd estate

  Educated people such as lawyers, doctors, merchants, bankers and industrialists

  Grew sig in 18th C 3x
• Cahiers de doleances 

  Upon announcement of Estate General people of france invited to send list of grievances to be discussed

  Demanding new constitution
• Sans-Culotte

  'without breeches'

  Lower classes/workers of Paris

  Fighters for fr often caused protests and riots
• Philosophes

  Inspired common mass of France with their revolutionary ideas and prepared them to fight against injustices

  Voltaire, Rousseau, Montesquieu and Diderot
• Corvée

  A form of forced unpaid labor, in which a person was required to work for a specified period of time for the benefit of the community

  Often on private estates
• Don gratuit

   voluntary contribution to royal finances paid by the First Estate (the clergy) under France's ancien regime
• Vive le roi

  Long live the King/Queen
• Seánce Royal (Royal session)

  Louis called 3 estates together in Seánce Royale to present package of proposed reforms

  3rd estate arrived early found door locked shut with royal soilders guarding. Looked like king was trying to prevent any of them from assembling - apparently because it was so preparations could be made for SR

  Led to Tennis court oath
• Liberté égalité fraternité (Liberty, Equality, Fraternity)

  Motto of french republic

  Chosen in 1848 under the Second Republic, they are inspired by the principles of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen of 1789
• Emigrés

  Emigrants fleeing France

  Beginning summer 1789 some french nobility and cletgy fearing for their safety began to flee france
• Biens Nationaux

  Land of the church and Émigrés that was sold off by the state
• Assignat

  Paper currency authorized by constituent assembly from 1789 - 1796

  1st introduced as way of buying Biens nationaux

  Way of fixing bankruptcy but gov overpriced them leading to deprecation in their value and inflation
• Enragés

  'ultra-radicals'

  small number of firebrands known for defending the lower class and expressing the demands of the radical sans-culottes during the French Revolution

  Played an active role in the 31 May – 2 June 1793 Paris uprisings that forced the expulsion of the Girondins from the National Convention
• Terriers

  Register containing legal documents relating to seigneurial dues and land-ownership
• Fédéré

  troops who volunteered for the French National Guard in the summer of 1792 during the French Revolution
• Compte Rendu

  Finance report made by Necker pub 19 Feb 1781
• Intendant

  Administrative offical under the ancien régime in France who served as an agent of the king in each of the provinces, or généralités