Information society

• Voyager 1 is a space probe launched by NASA in 1977 as part of the Voyager program. Its mission was to study the outer Solar System, including Jupiter, Saturn, and their moons.
• Voyager 1 is currently the farthest human-made object from Earth and the only spacecraft to have entered interstellar space, which is the space between stars in our galaxy. It carries a number of scientific instruments to study the interstellar medium, magnetic fields, cosmic rays, and other phenomena.
• In addition to its scientific instruments, Voyager 1 also carries a "Golden Record" that contains sounds, images, and messages from Earth, intended as a message to any extraterrestrial intelligence that might encounter the spacecraft. Voyager 1 is still transmitting data back to Earth, although it is expected to run out of power and stop transmitting by around 2025.
• Word


  A combination of sounds that represent something. It is this significance which makes words distinct from just any kind of vocal utterance.
• Words


  They transmit a message. They communicate meaning.
• Human's quest for understanding the natural world was first done through naming and classifying objects.
• Information


  Facts about a situation, person, event, etc.: facts provided or learned about something or someone. What is conveyed or represented by a particular arrangement or sequence of things.
• Information


  Processed, organized and structured data
• Words


  • Can function across space and time without reducing their meaning
  • Thinking in terms of a common system being generated by a speaker and received by the listener is useful in the pursuit of knowledge
  • The scientific search for truth recognized the usefulness of language and the ability it gave to make sense of nature
• Language


  • The principal method of human communication
  • A structured system of communication
  • Traditionally seen as consisting of three parts: signs, meanings, and a code connecting signs with their meanings
• Cuneiform is the first known form of written language, but spoken language predates writing by at least many tens of thousands of years.
• CAESAR CIPHER


  • MXKABJFZ
  • FKCLOJXQFLK
• Mathematics


  • The study of pattern and structure
  • Fundamental to the physical and biological sciences, engineering and information technology, to economics and increasingly to the social sciences
• Since people have discovered the laws and language of nature, they can develop technology that uses these laws and languages for their benefits. This is mathematics, the great contribution of Isaac Newton.
• Sir Isaac Newton


  English mathematician, physicist, astronomer, theologian and author who is widely recognized as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution
• Looking at simple things deeply, finding a pattern, and using the pattern to gain new insights provides great value
• The Technological World


  Describes a world that is based in science and applied to everyday life to solve problems
• The Printing Press


  • Allowed for the preservation of words
  • Transformed cultures
  • Its development in the 15th Century is regarded as the beginning of a true revolution
  • Allowed words and scientific ideas to establish a view of nature anchored in scholarly works and studies
• Johannes Gutenberg


  German blacksmith, goldsmith, inventor, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe with the printing press
• ENIAC


  The first programmable, electronic, general-purpose digital computer made in 1945. It was Turing-complete and able to solve "a large class of numerical problems" through reprogramming
• Turing-complete


  A system (computer system, programming language, etc.) that can be used for any algorithm, regardless of complexity, to find a solution
• World Wide Web


  • A way of addressing data processing and information sharing needs among scientists for the European Organization for Nuclear Research
  • A combination of all resources and users on the Internet that are using the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
  • "The World Wide Web is the universe of network-accessible information, an embodiment of human knowledge."
• Information Age


  Began around the 1970s and is still going on today. It is also known as the Computer Age, Digital Age, or New Media Age. This era brought about a time period in which people could access information and knowledge easily
• Information Age


  A historic period in the 21st century characterized by the rapid shift from traditional industry that the Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an economy based on information technology
• First Industrial Revolution


  • Marked by a transition from hand production methods to machines through the use of steam power and water power. Its effects had consequences on textile manufacturing, which was first to adopt such changes, as well as iron industry, agriculture, and mining
• Second Industrial Revolution


  • Also known as the Technological Revolution, is the period between 1871 and 1914
  • Installations of extensive railroad and telegraph networks
  • Increasing electrification allowed for factories to develop the modern production line
  • Allowed for faster transfer of people and ideas
  • A period of great economic growth with an increase in productivity, a surge in unemployment since many factory workers were replaced by machines
• Third Industrial Revolution


  • The Digital Revolution, occurred in the late 20th century
  • Slowdown of industrialization and technological advancement
  • Started with production of the Z1 computer, which used binary floating-point numbers and Boolean logic
  • The Z1 was a motor-driven mechanical computer designed by Konrad Zuse from 1936 to 1937, which he built in his parents' home from 1936 to 1937
  • The next significant development in communication technologies was the supercomputer with extensive use of computer and communication technologies in the production process
  • Machinery began to abrogate the need for human power
• Fourth Industrial Revolution


  • The trend towards automation and data exchange in manufacturing technologies and processes
  • Characterized by a fusion of technologies that is blurring the lines between the physical, digital, and biological spheres
  • Cyber-physical systems to enable real-time monitoring, analysis, and control of physical systems, leading to increased efficiency, productivity, and automation
  • Internet of Things (IoT) to enable real-time data collection and analysis, and are being used to optimize processes and improve efficiency
  • Cloud computing as a model for delivering computing services, including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence, over the internet
  • Artificial intelligence to automate a range of tasks, from manufacturing to customer service, and are expected to have a profound impact on the way we work and live
  • Augmented reality and virtual reality to create immersive experiences, such as training simulations, and are expected to have a significant impact on industries such as education, entertainment, and healthcare
• 4IR is characterized by the convergence of multiple technologies, which are being used to create new opportunities and transform the way we work and live.
• Main purpose of words - to carry information

  Significance of words - to represent something

  Another term for information society - technological society

  Problem in information society - uneven distribution of wealth

  Most useful source of information - Technology

  The most important source of power - steam power